Current theories suggest that the first continental crust on Earth, and possibly other terrestrial planets, may have been produced early in their history by direct melting of hydrated peridotite. However, conditions, mechanisms necessary ingredients for this crustal formation remain elusive. To fill gap, we conducted time-series experiments to investigate reaction serpentinite with variable pro...

Introduction: At least three major geochemical reservoirs have been identified in the crust-mantle system of Mars, including the primitive mantle, an ancient highly depleted mantle, best sampled by the most LREE-depleted basaltic shergottites, and an ancient enriched crust [e.g., Refs. 1-4]. Some workers, evaluating both isotopic and geochemical data, have suggested additional reservoirs, for e...

Prosser, J.T. and Carr, M.J., 1987. Po~s volcano, Costa Rica: Geology of the summit region and spatial and temporal variations among the most recent lavas. In: S.N. Williams and M.J. Carr (Editors), Richard E. Stoiber 75th Birthday Volume. J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res., 33: 131-146. The recent eruptive history of Po~s volcano is described here on the basis of field mapping of the summit area. Thi...

The Marun–Keu complex (Polar Urals, Russia) is a poorly known member of a group of high P complexes outcropping along the length of the Uralide orogen. The central and southern parts of the complex are metamorphosed at high P, medium T conditions (Tmaxf600–650 jC and Pf14–17 kbar) and differ from its northern part and the rest of the Uralian high P complexes which are metamorphosed at blueschis...

The behaviour of Group I and II elements during the petrogenesis felsic igneous rocks is largely controlled by feldspar-liquid relationships. Numerous experimental studies have addressed plagioclase/melt element partitioning, with fewer devoted to potassium feldspar, very few albite-rich ternary-composition feldspar (An ∼ Or < Ab). However, partition coefficient for Ba known increase at ...

Introduction: Shocked rocks are known from various planetary bodies of the solar system including Earth, Moon, Mars, and several types of asteroids. It was first recognized on Earth that stages of progressive shock metamorphism can be defined [1,2,3,4] and this concept was later on confirmed for lunar rocks [5] and meteorites [6,7,8]. Initiated by the IUGS “Subcommission on the Classification o...

The Significance of Dust: Dust studies have already been identified as crucial components of missions to the Moon, Mars, asteroids, and Mercury over the next decade [1,2]. Detailed study of the physical and chemical nature of the fine particulate portion of regoliths of planetary bodies is a key to understanding micrometeorite bombardment and the nature of re-golith formation [e.g., 3]. The Pro...

Newly discovered xenoliths within Pliocene and Quaternary intermediate volcanic rocks from southern Peru permit examination of lithospheric processes by which thick crust (60–70 km) and high average elevations (3–4 km) resulted within the Altiplano, the second most extensive orogenic plateau on Earth. The most common petrographic groups of xenoliths studied here are igneous or meta-igneous rock...

The 4.5 km deep IDDP-2 drill hole was drilled at Reykjanes, Iceland, in an active seawater-recharged hydrothermal system on the landward extension Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Drilling targeted a well-defined up-flow zone feeding Reykjanes geothermal reservoir, which produces fluids compositionally equivalent to basalt-hosted sea vents. Spot cores recovered from depths between 3,648 4,659 m consist of p...