PURPOSE To compare ultrahigh-resolution optical coherence tomography (OCT) cross-sectional images of the pig retina with histology, to evaluate the potential of ultrahigh-resolution OCT for enhanced visualization of intra- and subretinal structures. METHODS Ultrahigh-resolution OCT images were acquired with 1.4- micro m axial x 3- micro m transverse resolution from in vitro posterior eyecup p...

We evaluated the immunohistological changes in neural cell adhesion molecule (N-CAM) expression in the adult rat dentate gyrus during the period of synaptic degeneration, axonal sprouting, and synaptogenesis following ipsilateral entorhinal cortex (ERC) lesion. This lesion denervates the outer two-thirds of the dentate granule cells dendrites and induces compensatory sprouting from the subjacen...

PURPOSE Reduced birth weight is associated with an increased risk of visual impairments. This study was undertaken to determine whether prenatal exposure to a chronic compromise sufficient to cause fetal growth restriction (FGR) results in long-term alterations to the retina and optic nerve. METHODS FGR was induced by umbilicoplacental embolization (UPE) in two cohorts of pregnant ewes from (...

CASE REPORT A 34- year- old man affected by Klinefelter syndrome, with loss of vision in his left eye, ocular hypertension with increased cupping in both eyes, and optic disc pit with serous macular detachment in the left eye. Optical coherence tomography showed a macular detachment with a double-layer detachment, consisting of both an inner layer separation and an outer layer detachment. The o...

The overall composition of the mammalian intestinal microbiota varies between individuals: within each individual there are differences along the length of the intestinal tract related to host nutrition, intestinal motility and secretions. Mucus is a highly regenerative protective lubricant glycoprotein sheet secreted by host intestinal goblet cells; the inner mucus layer is nearly sterile. Her...

Skin as an outer layer of body and a main connection between the body and the environment is a way that pathogens can access the body; Therefore, it has a crucial protecting role for the body because of obstacle functioning and micobiota. Factors that seem to commonly contribute to the disease are follicular hyperkeratinization, propionibacterium acnes, sebum production, and inflammation; howev...

Progression of retinal degeneration in a mouse model was studied in vivo with high-resolution spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). Imaging in 3D with high depth resolution (<3 mum), SD-OCT resolved all the major layers of the retina of control C57BL/6J mice. Images of transgenic mice having a null mutation of the rhodopsin gene revealed the anatomical consequences of retinal d...

Transgenic technology, immunocytochemistry, electrophysiology, intracellular injection techniques, and reverse transcription PCR were combined to study the expression of neuronal connexin36 (Cx36) in the outer plexiform layer of the mouse retina. Transgenic animals expressed either a fusion protein of full-length Cx36 with enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) attached at the C terminus or ...

The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of sex and age on the thickness of the retinal layer in normal eyes using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT).Fifty healthy subjects between the ages of 20 and 80 had their retinal layers measured using SD-OCT at Seoul St. Mary's Hospital. Mean thickness and volume were measured for 9 retinal layers in the fovea, the pericentral ...

The boronizing of a tungsten heavy alloy containing Ni and Fe as the major alloying elements were performed in the present study to increase its surface hardening. Pack cementation method was employed as a well-known, successful solid-state process for boronizing. The coating treatment was accomplished at different temperatures of 1000, 1050 and 1100&deg;C for 6 and 9 hours. The formation of tu...