Aluminum is acutely toxic, and elevated concentrations of dissolved Al can have detrimental effects on both terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. Robust analytical methods that can determine environmentally relevant Al fractions accurately and efficiently are required by the environmental monitoring community. A simple, robust passive sampling method, the diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) t...

A parametric study was conducted to improve our understanding pertaining to the fundamental physics of electrokinetic instability (EKI) and to explore the effectiveness of manipulating EKI waves to control/enhance fluid mixing inside a Y-shaped microchannel. The dependence of the critical strength of the applied static electric field to trigger the EKI waves on the conductivity ratio of the two...

The use of radiofrequency (98-2450 MHz range) personal exposimeters to measure the electric field (E-field) in far-field exposure conditions was modelled numerically using human body model Gustav and finite integration technique software. Calculations with 256 models of exposure scenarios show that the human body has a significant influence on the results of measurements using a single body-wor...

Because of its unique digital transmission, HD Radio® requires new methods and standards to measure and predict signal coverage, relative to analog FM. Because analog FM reception quality is known to decline gradually with degraded RF signal quality, analog FM service may be quantified in simple terms of signal strength. With digital audio broadcasting, reception quality remains ‘perfect’ until...

Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) of the human brain has proven to be a useful technique in several neurological and psychiatric disorders and benefits from higher field scanners as signal intensity and spectral resolution are proportional to the magnetic field strength. OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of the magnetic field on the measurement of brain metabolites in a typical ...

PURPOSE MRI contrast agents (CA) whose contrast enhancement remains relatively high even at the higher end of the magnetic field strength range would be desirable. The purpose of this work was to demonstrate such a desired magnetic field dependency of the longitudinal relaxivity for an experimental MRI CA, Gd(ABE-DTTA). MATERIALS AND METHODS The relaxivity of 0.5mM and 1mM Gd(ABE-DTTA) was me...

Materials that consist of a random microstructure can affect ultrasonic measurements--reducing signal strength, increasing noise, and reducing measurement accuracy--through scattering and aberration of the acoustic field. To account for these adverse effects a phase screen model, alongside the stochastic wave equation, has been developed. This approach allows the field and study aberrations to ...

This paper presents the Model Predictive Control (MPC) of magnetized Tetrahymena pyriformis (T. pyriformis) using a magnetic field. The magnetized T. pyriformis are generated by feeding spherical iron oxide particles into the cells. Using an external magnetic field, we change the movement direction of the cell, but the speed of the cell remains constant regardless of the strength of the externa...