Tacit assumptions and beliefs influence our research designs and interpretation of the data. Sometimes we have to admit that commonly held beliefs about sleep are based on scant data or no data at all. The current issue of the Journal of Sleep Research contains papers covering a wide range of issues relevant to sleep medicine and basic sleep research. Some of these papers challenge assumptions ...

The present study investigated the possible difference between EFL teachers’ beliefs and their actual classroom practices. To this end, 210 Iranian EFL teachers (103 teachers from high schools and 107 from language institutes) participated in the study. The 45-item Likert-scale Beliefs About Language Learning Inventory (BALLI) developed originally by Horwitz, (1985) and validated by Kasraee Nej...

objective: recent studies have emphasized the important role of cognitive beliefs in etiology and ‎maintenance of obsessive-compulsive disorder (ocd). ocd has different subtypes, but the ‎specific role of cognitive beliefs in ocd symptomatology is not clear. the aim of the current ‎study was to determine whether the cognitive factors proposed by obsessive compulsive ‎cognitions working group (o...

We investigate disfluency distribution rates within different moves from an interactive task-oriented experiment to further explore the suggestion by Bortfeld et al. [1] and Nicholson [2] that different types of disfluencies may fulfill varying functions. We focus on disfluency types within moves, or speech turns, where a speaker initiates something compared to a response to such a move. We fin...

We consider an inventory competition game between two firms. The question we address is this: If players do not know the opponent’s action and opponent’s utility function can they learn to play the Nash policy in a repeated game by observing their own sales? In this work it is proven that by means of Maximum A Posteriori (MAP) estimation, players can learn the Nash policy. It is proven that pla...

Social anxiety is an emotional disorder common to various populations around the world. The newly developed Self-Beliefs Related to Social Anxiety Scale (SBSA) aims to assess three kinds of self-beliefs through 15 items that include self-related cognitive factors that evidently result in social anxiety. This study explored the psychometric characteristics of SBSA among 978 Chinese. An eight-ite...