Individual animals are adept at making decisions and have cognitive abilities, such as memory, which allow them to hone their decisions. Social animals can also share information. This allows social animals to make adaptive group-level decisions. Both individual and collective decision-making systems also have drawbacks and limitations, and while both are well studied, the interaction between t...

one of the requisites for proper understanding of the legal statutes (nuṣūṣ) is that the legislator and the jurist, along with other wise people in various scenes of life, should enjoy collective wisdom and, besides having their own personal viewpoints, they should possess general consciousness and mental background; as this collective consciousness can have a significant role in proper underst...

Learning in a dynamic, uncertain, multi-agent setting is a challenging task. In this work, we demonstrate techniques to convert noisy run-time activity into procedures useful for future problem-solving activities. The cooperative procedures created by this conversion process are stored in an agent resource called collective memory. We show how this memory enables agents to learn cooperative pro...

The intention of this chapter is to investigate how collaborative learning environments (CLEs) can be used to elicit the collective building of knowledge. This work discusses CLEs as lively cognitive systems and looks at some strategies that might contribute to the improvement of significant pedagogical practices. The study is supported by rhizome principles, whose characteristics allow us to u...

mri workers are occupationally exposed to static and time-varying gradient magnetic fields.  while the 24-hour time-averaged exposure to static magnetic fields is about a few mt, the maximum static field strength can be as high as 500 mt during patient set up. over the past several years, our lab has performed extensive experiments on the health effects of exposure of animal models and humans t...

the present study was designed to develop a preliminatory cognitive screeting test battery for differentiating brain damaged patients, from psychiatric patients and normal subjects.based on previous researches, the items scales, administraion and scoring instructions for the test battery were prepared. the test included the following scales: attention, memory, construction ability, receptive la...