Two brominated flame retardants, 1,2-bis(2,4,6-tribromophenoxy)ethane (TBE) and 2,3,4,5,6-pentabromoethylbenzene (PEB), were detected and identified in ambient air samples from various sites in the United States. The identifications were confirmed by comparing the gas chromatographic retention times and mass spectra of the compounds found in the environment with those of authentic materials. Ge...

Polymeric textile materials, now, find extensive application in modern society than previously imagined, particularly protective clothing. The of these polymeric materials has been restricted by their flammability and contribution to fire risk. Flame retarding compounds inherent flame-retardant have introduced reduce even halt the polymers. However, over time, flame retardants tend leach out ma...

A novel phosphorus-containing triazine oligomer poly(2-morpholinyl-4-penta-erythritol phosphate-1,3,5-triazine) (PMPT) was synthesized as a kind of tri-component intumescent flame retardant (IFR). The chemical structure of PMPT was characterized by FTIR, 1H-NMR and 31P-NMR, and the mechanical and flammability properties of FR-PP were measured. The FTIR results showed that the expected chemical ...

Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), commonly used flame retardants, are under scrutiny as a result of their global presence and rapid bioaccumulation. Legislative and commercial groups have initiated programs to reduce or eliminate specific PBDE congeners as a result of their potential health threat. This application note will demonstrate a gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analy...

Flame retardants (FRs) are widely used to increase the fire resistant of some materials. One of the most widely used FRs were polybromodiphenyl ethers (PBDEs). These compounds have a high lipophilicity and therefore they can be bioaccumulated and biomagnified along the food chain. Moreover, several toxic properties have been reported for PBDEs: they can act as endocrine disruptors and affect ne...

This study evaluates the occurrence of flame retardants (FR) in five wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) located close to Barcelona (NE Spain), an area with high urban and industrial pressures. Compounds studied include eight polybromodiphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and eight New Brominated Flame Retardants (NBFRs), for which little information regarding their presence, partitioning and fate within the...

The flame retardant synergism between highly stretched polymer fibres and intumescent flame retardant systems was investigated in self-reinforced polypropylene composites. It was found that the structure of reinforcement, such as degree of molecular orientation, fibre alignment and weave type, has a particular effect on the fire performance of the intumescent system. As little as 7.2 wt % addit...

New Details on Organophosphate Flame Retardants Exposure in Men Appears Stable over Time A new study evaluating human exposure to two organophosphate flame retardants, tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TDCPP) and triphenyl phosphate (TPP), suggests that metabolites from a single urine sample may be useful as biomarkers of longer-term exposure [EHP 121(5):580–585; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/...

Silicone-cyclophosphazene (SCP) as a flame retardant was synthesized using hydroxyl terminated polydime thylsiloxane(PDMS-OH) and hexa cyclophosphazene silicone oil and phosphonitrilic chloride trimer(HCCTP) as the precursors, The properties of SCP-modified polycarbonat(PC) such as thermal stability, flame retardant properties and carbon layer after combustion were analyzed. It was found that t...

polyurethane foams are extensively used in different applications such as furnitures and sandwich structures due to better mechanical properties, higher acoustic and damping behavior, higher resistance to hydrocarbon, and aging.with respect to flammability of polyurethane materials and safety precaution in living and working environments there is a vital need to study and investigate published ...