We describe transformation design of optical elements which, in addition to image transfer, perform useful operations. For one class of operations, including translation, rotation, mirroring and inversion, an image can be generated that is ideal in the sense of the perfect lens (combining both near- and far-field components in a flat, unit transfer function, up to the limits imposed by material...

Optical metasurfaces are two-dimensional arrays of nano-scatterers that modify optical wavefronts at subwavelength spatial resolution. They are poised to revolutionize optics by enabling complex low-cost systems where multiple metasurfaces are lithographically stacked and integrated with electronics. For imaging applications, metasurface stacks can perform sophisticated image corrections and ca...

We investigate the frequency of two-and four-image gravitational lens systems in the JVAS and CLASS radio surveys, and the possible implications for dark matter halo properties. A simple lensing statistics model, which describes lens galaxies as singular isothermal ellipsoids with a projected axis ratio distribution derived from the surface brightness ellipticities of early-type galaxies in the...

purpose: to evaluate visual function in patients with different types of light-filtering intraocular lenses (iols) methods: in this prospective comparative clinical study cataract patients with different types of iols in khatam-al-anbia eye hospital, mashhad were enrolled and followed for three months postoperatively. corrected distance visual acuity (cdva), color discrimination under photopic ...

We have identified seven (field) elliptical galaxies acting as strong gravitational lenses and have used them to measure cosmological parameters. To find the most likely value for Ωm (= Ωmatter) and Λ, we have used the combined probabilities of these lens systems having the observed critical radii (or image deflection) for the measured or estimated values of lens redshifts, source redshifts, an...

This paper describes a high-efficiency, spectrum-splitting photovoltaic module that uses an off-axis volume holographic lens to focus and disperse incident solar illumination to a rectangular shaped high-bandgap indium gallium phosphide cell surrounded by strips of silicon cells. The holographic lens design allows efficient collection of both direct and diffuse illumination to maximize energy y...

The development of a metasurface lens, which represents flat optical element with subwavelength thickness, holds the potential for miniaturizing imaging systems. Nevertheless, presence aberrations poses significant challenge achieving optimal quality out it. Moreover, its practical utilization in cameras and wearable devices necessitates simultaneous correction monochromatic chromatic aberratio...