The problem of designing a nonlinear observer for flexible-joint manipulators using a neural network approach is considered in this paper. In the first instance, no a priori knowledge about the system dynamics is assumed in developing the basic structure of the neural observer. The recurrent neural network configuration is obtained by a combination of a multilayer feedforward network and dynami...

Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) jamming is of vital significance in the national defence aspect. In this study, a flexible blanket method against SAR proposed using joint frequency and phase modulation. The can form two-dimensional square-shaped sidelobes image by coded modulation both fast slow time domain. Then an extra further executed to flexibly adjust centre. target interest (TOI) get more...