Manuscript length (without Methods): 43,386 characters Modelling NAFLD-related steatosis 2 ABSTRACT The functional diversity in factors identified in association with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) necessitates the utilization of holistic approaches to investigate the 'network' properties of NAFLD pathogenesis. We describe the generation of the first mouse-specific multi-tissue metab...

The nonequilibrium steady state of an infinite-range Ising model is studied. The steady state is obtained by dividing the spins into two groups and attaching them to two heat baths generating spin flips at different temperatures. In the thermodynamic limit, the resulting dynamics can be solved exactly, and the probability flow in the phase space can be visualized. We can calculate the steady st...

The deepest extragalactic X-ray observation, the 2 Ms Chandra Deep Field North (CDF-N), resolves ∼80% of the total extragalactic cosmic X-ray background (CXB) in the 1–2 keV band. Recent work has shown that 70% of the remaining CXB flux is associated with sources detected by the Hubble Space Telescope (HST). This paper uses the existing CDF-N data to constrain the X-ray flux distribution of the...

We study a statistical model describing the steady-state distribution of the fluxes in a metabolic network. The resulting model defined on continuous variables can be solved by the cavity method. In particular, analytical tractability is possible, solving the cavity equation over an ensemble of networks with the same degree distribution as a real metabolic network. The flux distribution that op...

The aim of this paper is to present an approach to analyse time-varying metabolic fluxes. The traditional tool to perform such analysis is called Metabolic Flux Analysis (MFA) and provides a flux distribution which is a constant vector, solution of a linear system constructed from the stoichiometric matrix. A basic limitation is that MFA is usually stated for a given and fixed configuration of ...

Aeolian sediment traps are widely used to estimate the total volume of wind-driven sediment transport, but also to study the vertical mass distribution of a saltating sand cloud. The reliability of sediment flux estimations from such measurements are dependent upon the specific configuration of the measurement compartments and the analysis approach used. In this study, we analyse the uncertaint...

The air–sea exchange of heat is mainly controlled by the molecular diffusive layer adjacent to the surface. With an order of magnitude difference between the kinematic viscosity and thermal diffusivity of water, the thermal sublayer is embedded within its momentum analog: the viscous sublayer. Therefore, the surface heat exchange rates are greatly influenced by the surface kinematics and dynami...

We establish the vanishing viscosity limit of the Navier-Stokes equations to the isentropic Euler equations for one-dimensional compressible fluid flow. For the NavierStokes equations, there exist no natural invariant regions for the equations with the real physical viscosity term so that the uniform sup-norm of solutions with respect to the physical viscosity coefficient may not be directly co...