1047-3203/$ see front matter 2010 Elsevier Inc. A doi:10.1016/j.jvcir.2010.11.002 ⇑ Corresponding author. E-mail addresses: [email protected] (J.-S. Lee) (F. De Simone), [email protected] (T. Ebrahim This paper proposes an efficient video coding method using audio-visual focus of attention, which is based on the observation that sound-emitting regions in an audio-visual sequence draw...

This manuscript presents two experiments designed to explore the effects of attention on perceived exertion and time to failure in a fatiguing athletic task. There were two major motivating factors for these experiments. First, there are few studies evaluating attentional focus effects in endurance tasks and, second, there is a lack of integration between studies of attentional focus as externa...

Context plays an important role in general scene perception. In particular, it can provide cues about an object’s location within an image. In computer vision, object detectors typically ignore this information. We tackle this problem by presenting a concept of how to extract and learn contextual information from examples. This context is then used to calculate a focus of attention, that repres...

The problem of finding the visual focus of attention of multiple people free to move in an uncons-trained manner is defined here as the wandering visual focus of attention (WVFOA) problem. Estimating the WVFOA for multiple unconstrained people is a new and important problem with implications for human behavior understanding and cognitive science, as well as real-world applications. One such app...

In this paper, we investigate data fusion techniques for target tracking using distributed sensors. Specifically, we are interested in how pairs of bearing or range sensors can be best assigned to targets in order to minimize the expected error in the estimates. We refer to this as the focus of attention (FOA) problem. In its general form, FOA is NP-hard and not well approximable. However, for ...

We measured pupil size in adult human subjects while they selectively attended to one of two surfaces, bright and dark, defined by coherently moving dots. The two surfaces were presented at the same location; therefore, subjects could select the cued surface only on the basis of its features. With no luminance change in the stimulus, we find that pupil size was smaller when the bright surface w...

This research was designed to assess the effects of a manipulation of observers' focus of attention--from a focus on the actor to a focus on the actor's situation--upon observers' attributions of attitude to an actor in a simulation of a forced-compliance cognitive dissonance experiment. Observers induced through empathy instructions to focus attention on the actor's situation inferred less act...

First, a signal detection experiment was carried out to estimate the maximal distance between the primary attention focus of users and the screen position of visual feedback (e.g. messages). The results indicate that the maximal distance between the primary attention focus and the position of visual feedback should not exceed 3". Second, to pinpoint the location of the primary attention focus w...

A network of cooperating agents must be able to reach rough consensus on a set of topics for cooperation. With highly heterogeneous agents, however, incommensurable measures and imprecise translation render ordinary consensus algorithms inappropriate. I present a distributed mechanism for shared focus of attention that begins to address these problems, using an engineered emergence approach ins...