Creatine (Cr) has been shown to increase the total muscle mass. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Cr supplementation on muscle morphology and swimming performance, using an animal model. Each rat was subjected to exercise 15-minute period daily for the 12 weeks. The rats were randomly divided into four groups: no Cr supplementation (CON), no Cr supplementation and incom...

Purpose: A trace element supplementation strategy previously shown to be effective in mesophilic conditions was tested for thermophilic digestion of source segregated domestic food waste. Method: Inoculum from a mesophilic anaerobic digester treating municipal wastewater biosolids was successfully acclimated to thermophilic temperature (55 o C) with food waste as a substrate. Four laboratory-sc...

T he cause of neural tube defects (NTDs) is multi-factorial. The possibility that folic acid played a role was first reported in 1964. 1 Several clinical trials subsequently showed that the risk of recurrence and first occurrence of these abnormalities was decreased by peri-conceptional folic acid supplementation, 2–5 On the basis of these findings, supplementation of 400 µg folic acid was reco...

Selenium levels in soil generally reflect its presence in food and the Se levels in human populations. Se food content is influenced by geographical location, seasonal changes, protein content and food processing. Periodic monitoring of Se levels in soil and food is necessary. Diet is the major Se source and approximately 80% of dietary Se is absorbed depending on the type of food consumed. Se ...

India has among the highest rates of child malnutrition rates in the world, but these rates have been declining rapidly during the past decade. Between 2006 and 2014, stunting rates for children under five in India have declined from 48 to 38% (Global Nutrition Report, 2014). Despite this progress, child undernutrition rates in India are among the highest in the world, with nearly one-half of a...

Loss of appetite and weight are one of the first symptoms of a malignant disease. In rapidly advancing cancer which does not respond to therapy, severe cachexia will undoubtedly lead to death. The cancer tissue and the body itself secrete cytokines and other factors, which, combined interfere with both central and peripheral metabolic pathways causing anorexia and cachexia. Assessing nutritiona...

The yeast cell wall (YCW) preparation, Safmannan, was evaluated as a dietary supplement for adult dogs. Using a 5 x 5 Latin square design with 14-d periods, adult dogs cannulated in the terminal ileum were supplemented with 0, 0.05, 0.25, 0.45, or 0.65% YCW based on daily food allowance. Apparent ileal nutrient digestibility responded cubically (P = 0.07 to 0.10) to YCW supplementation. Ileal n...

Several studies on birds have proposed that a lack of invertebrate prey in urbanized areas could be the main cause for generally lower levels of breeding success compared to rural habitats. Previous work on house sparrows Passer domesticus found that supplemental feeding in urbanized areas increased breeding success but did not contribute to population growth. Here, we hypothesize that suppleme...