The GcvA protein is a LysR family regulatory protein necessary for both activation and repression of the Escherichia coli glycine cleavage enzyme operon (gcv) and negative regulation of gcvA. Gel shift assays indicated that overexpressed GcvA in crude extracts is capable of binding specifically to DNA containing the gcv and gcvA control regions. DNase I footprint analysis of the gcvA control re...

We present a new calculation of Australia’s ecological footprint. Modifications have been made to the concept as originally proposed, in response to its perceived shortcomings: rather than characterising the consumption of the Australian population in terms of appropriated ‘bioproduction’ at world-average productivity, a regional, disturbance-based approach is taken, including actual Australian...

This paper assesses the progress made over the last decade in validating footprint models, and highlights shortcomings which need addressing. This paper also presents alternative methods of validating footprint models. The vigorous expansion of footprint models was spurred by the development and subsequent widespread application of primarily analytical solutions to the advection–diffusion equat...

The US egg industry has evolved considerably over recent decades by incorporating new technologies and production practices. To date, there has been no comprehensive assessment of the resource demand and environmental effects of these changes. This study quantifies the environmental footprint of egg production supply chains in the United States for 2010 compared with 1960 using life cycle asses...

The aim of this study is to estimate the green, blue and grey water footprint of wheat in a spatially-explicit way, both from a production and consumption perspective. The assessment is global and improves upon earlier research by taking a high-resolution approach, estimating the water footprint of the crop at a 5 by 5 arc minute grid. We have used a grid-based dynamic water balance model to ca...

The efficiency of centralized delivery services over a backbone network in comparison to that of localized or multiple individual trips from the perspective of the overall carbon footprint is a fundamental subject of the analysis of logistical systems. In this paper, we quantify the changes in overall efficiency due to such services by looking at “household-level” economies of scale in transpor...

The environmental sustainability of a semi-industrial solar photo-Fenton reactor, treating real effluents emanating from a pharmaceutical laboratory, is assessed herein. The life cycle assessment/analysis (LCA) methodology was employed and real life cycle inventory (LCI) data was collected from a ferrioxalate-assisted homogeneous solar photo-Fenton wastewater treatment plant (WWTP), at Ciudad R...

BACKGROUND It is common to place the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) tibial tunnel with a transtibial technique using a guide that attempts to place the center of the tunnel 1 to 1.5 cm distal to the tibiofemoral joint. It is unknown how well this technique will re-create the native tibial footprint of the PCL. PURPOSE To evaluate the accuracy of tibial tunnel placement using a transtibial ...

PURPOSE Arthroscopic repair of the subscapularis tendon has become more prevalent in recent years. Tears of the subscapularis insertion can be measured arthroscopically when the size of the average subscapularis tendon insertion is known. This anatomic study was performed to measure the dimensions and describe the anatomy of the subscapularis footprint. METHODS A total of 6 male and 6 female ...