Sixteen mature Valencia orange trees on rough lemon rootstock were selected on the basis of approximately equal, naturally occurring populations of Tylenchulus semipenetrans in soil. In March, fruit 1 cm in diameter or less were removed from eight of the trees, which were kept free of fruit for 15 months. In July, 4 months after fruit removal, fibrous root (<2 mm d) mass density of defruited tr...

In this paper, we discuss kernels that can be applied for the classification of XML documents based on their DOM trees. DOM trees are ordered trees in which every node might be labeled by a vector of attributes including its XML tag and the textual content. We describe five new kernels suitable for such structures: a kernel based on predefined structural features, a tree kernel derived from the...

anatomical changes of the exposed roots in cupressus sempervirens l. var horizontalis were used toestimate soil erosion in hassan abad valley, chaloos, iran. a total of 30 exposed roots, for five trees,were used to estimate erosion. cross-sections of 20 μm were papered and the first year of exposure byerosion was identified. we finally estimated the mean annual erosion. the statistical relation...

The reconstruction of multitaxon trees from molecular sequences is confounded by the variety of algorithms and criteria used to evaluate trees, making it difficult to compare the results of different analyses. A global method of multitaxon phylogenetic reconstruction described here, Bootstrappers Gambit, can be used with any four-taxon algorithm, including distance, maximum likelihood, and pars...

To achieve informatization for Orchards and fruit trees and to obtain real-time tree characteristic parameters in orchard, data acquisition system of fruit tree characteristics has established by using electromagnetic tracking instrument, Fastrack and data acquisition software. The process of acquiring tree’s parameters and the method for acquiring tree characteristics using this system are dis...