The environmental performance of presently operated GSM and UMTS networks was analysed concentrating on the environmental effects of the End-of-Life (EOL) phase using the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) method. The study was performed based on comprehensive life cycle inventory and life cycle modelling. The environmental effects were quantified using the IMPACT2002+ method. Based on technological f...

The fluorescence and phosphorescence of 2,2'-bis(5-phenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)biphenyl shows good spectral matching with the absorption spectra of the MLCT1 and MLCT3 transitions of Ir(ppy)3. The red-shift of the 0-0 band in the phosphorescence at 77 K is due to the intramolecular pi-pi interactions between the oxadiazole side chains. Maximum brightness of 43,000 cd/m2 with an efficiency of 26...

An alternative equalization concept for mobile communications is presented. Instead of full-state Viterbi equalization which is the state-of-the-art solution for the GSM system, the application of decision-feedback sequence estimation (DFSE) is proposed. With DFSE, longer impulse responses can be equalized, while complexity remains comparable to the state of the art. It turns out, that a proper...

OBJECTIVE To determine the number of 24 h dietary recalls required to adequately estimate nutrient intake in overweight and obese adults using the US Department of Agriculture's (USDA) automated multiple-pass method (AMPM). In addition, the study quantified sources of variation in dietary intake, such as day of the week, season, sequence of diet interviews (training effect), diet interviewer, b...

Call Quality is prevalent and widely used by carriers that transport the calls of telecom operators. But from end-users perspective call quality has been not taken very seriously until now and this is the reason for surge in GSM gateways which resulted in interconnect revenue loss and more importantly the call quality. This particular research developed as QMeter® is focussed to address and der...

The effect of permethrin impregnated bednets was studied for the first time amongst a large community in North Guadalcanal, Solomon Islands. The community was divided into two; one covered 23 villages with 860 people who were given bednets impregnated at 0.5 g/m2, and the other 20 villages with 520 people was used as control. Parasitological data were collected by regular prevalence surveys and...

Groups of newborn human infants (N = 180) were habituated to large 16 degrees achromatic ("white") lights of varying luminance (0.35 to 1.16 log cd/m2) and then tested for recovery of habituation to 16 degrees green (dominant lambda = 545 nm), yellow (dominant lambda = 585 nm) or red (dominant lambda = 650 nm) lights which varied in the level of excitation purity (range = 32 to 83%). Results sh...

Luminescent properties of two heteroleptic dibenzoylmethanate europium(III) complexes with 1,3-bis(5-pyridin-2-yl-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)propane (H2L1) and 1,4-bis(5-pyridin-2-yl-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)butane (H2L2) as ancillary ligands are described. The two double-layer-type electroluminescent cells with the structures: (1) ITO/NPB(40 nm)/Eu(DBM)2HL1 (40 nm)/LiF (1 nm)/Al (100 nm) and (2) ITO/NPB(40 ...

This system designs a wireless communication method using GSM to transmit data to the preset of treatment centers whenever an accident occurs. The vehicle is equipped with a GSM and a GPS module. The treatment center process the data received from the GSM module of the vehicle and identifies the location of the vehicle. The GPS module helps in tracking the location and state of the vehicle. Key...

AIMS To investigate whether weight category (underweight, average weight, overweight, and obese) at age 7.5 predicts bullying involvement at 8.5 years. Models were tested separately for boys and girls to investigate gender differences in association patterns. METHODS Prospective cohort study in southwest England. Height and weight were measured in children at age 7.5 (n = 8210). BMI (kg/m2) w...