current interests towards lowering fat content in food products and producing healthier and safer foods, have convinced ice cream manufacturers to substitute milk fat in ice cream with either carbohydrate or protein based fat replacers. in the present work, reduced-fat ice cream (5% fat) was produced using milk protein concentrate (65%) and inulin as fat replacers (0, 2 and 4%) as well as two t...

rapid thermal processing (rtp) has become a key technology for semiconductor device manufacturing in a variety of applications, such as thermal oxidation, annealing, and thin-film growth. hence, understanding the radiative properties of silicon and other relevant materials is essential for the analysis of the thermal transport processes. we have analyzed and calculated the spectral, directional...

one of the most significant issues in pharmaceutical industries, prior to commercializationof a pharmaceutical preparation is the “preformulation” stage. however, far too attention hasbeen paid to verification of the software assisted statistical designs in preformulation studies.the main aim of this study was to report a step by step preformulation approach for a semisolidpreparation based on ...

orally disintegrating tablets (odts) are capable of turning quickly into a liquid dosage form in contact with the saliva, thus possessing the advantages of both the solid dosage forms particularly stability and liquid dosage forms specially ease of swallowing and pre-gastric absorption of drug. the aim of this study was to prepare a novel matrix-type buccal fast disintegrating ibuprofen tablet ...

in this research, a method for determining feeding buffer sizes in critical chain project scheduling is introduced. the method integrates project characteristics into the formulation as well as environment project risk. resource tightness, environment risk and network morphology incorporate into the formulation. the method is tested and compared to three commonly suggested methods in the litera...

This paper presents the techniques and experiences of an industrial project, applying the formal method VDM in order to develop a work-ow planning and tracking system. A method for creating formal models of relational databases has been developed | speciically, formal representations of SQL datatypes, a model of the structure of a database including primary and foreign keys and the formulation ...

Statistical physics today is arguably in much the same situation that Euclidean geometry found itself in the early nineteenth century. Over the last decade, an increasing body of evidence has indicated that denying a certain postulate of statistical physics – the extensivity of the entropy – results not in a contradiction, but rather in an entirely new family of mathematically consistent varian...

A time-domain surface integral equation approach based on the electric field formulation is utilized to calculate the transient scattering from both conducting and dielectric bodies consisting of arbitrarily shaped complex structures. The solution method is based on the method of moments (MoM) and involves the modeling of an arbitrarily shaped structure in conjunction with the triangular patch ...

A partially first-order form of the characteristic formulation is introduced to control the accuracy in the computation of gravitational waveforms produced by highly distorted single black hole spacetimes. Our approach is to reduce the system of equations to first-order differential form on the angular derivatives, while retaining the proven radial and time integration schemes of the standard c...