Gravity is one of the most inexplicable forces of nature, controlling everything, from the expansion of the Universe to the ebb and flow of ocean tides. The search for the laws of motion and gravitation began more than two thousand years ago but still we do not have the complete picture of it. In this article, we have outlined how our understanding of gravity is changing drastically with time a...

Background: Poisoning with carbon monoxide occurs occasionally worldwide, and the gold diagnostic standard is to measure carboxyhemoglobin level in the blood. This study investigated the correlation between carboxyhemoglobin and the end-tidal carbon dioxide levels in 50 patients with carbon monoxide poisoning. Methods: We recruited 50 volunteer patients who had been admitted to the Emergency S...

A foundational element in determining Total Maximum Daily Loads (TMDLs) is the determination of the relative impacts of point and nonpoint source impacts on the dissolved oxygen concentration (DO) of an impaired stream. It is not uncommon that the ultimate oxygen demand during a rain event can be greater than the effects of the fully permitted point source loading to the stream. Traditionally, ...

The bronchodilating response to two doses of 100 micrograms of salbutamol introduced into an extension device (Aero-chamber [AC]), each followed by four tidal breaths, was compared with the nebulization of 2.5 mg of salbutamol in a saline solution during tidal breathing in a crossover study of ten patients with reversible airway obstruction. The forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and...

Month-long observations of waves and tidal currents at Ponce de Leon Inlet, North Florida are used to investigate the importance of wave-induced bottom drag as a mechanism for overtide generation in estuaries. While bottom drag can in theory lead to overtide generation, in practice, resolving unambiguously this effect is difficult as it tends to be overshadowed by the stronger effect of diurnal...

Synchronous release of gametes or larvae by marine animals may be controlled by as many as four environmental cycles thereby enabling an array of reproductive timing patterns. Cohesive scenarios that account for the diversity of reproductive patterns are rare and tests of their adaptive significance have been even rarer. By exploiting plasticity in the timing of larval release, we isolated prox...

This study aims to assess regional ventilation, nonlinearity, and hysteresis of human lungs during dynamic breathing via image registration of four-dimensional computed tomography (4D-CT) scans. Six healthy adult humans were studied by spiral multidetector-row CT during controlled tidal breathing as well as during total lung capacity and functional residual capacity breath holds. Static images ...

Four earthquakes above M5.0 in Yunnan and Tibet, China occurred from 2010 to 2011. By calculating the tidal-force changes induced by celestial bodies in this region, we found that the earthquakes occurred when tidal forces continuously grew from low to peak levels and approached the maximum amplitude phase, which indicated a tidal force that had a trigger or inducing effect of active tectonic e...

There is a net discharge of water and nutrients through Long Key Channel from Florida Bay to the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary (FKNMS). There has been speculation that this water and its constituents may be contributing to the loss of coral cover on the Florida Keys Reef tract over the past few decades, as well as speculation that changes in freshwater flow in the upstream Everglades e...