The pressure-free two-fluid model (PFTFM) is a recent reformulation of the one-dimensional (TFM) for stratified incompressible flow in ducts (including pipes and channels), which pressure eliminated through intricate use volume constraint. disadvantage PFTFM was that volumetric rate had to be specified as an input, even though it unknown quantity case periodic boundary conditions. In this work,...

This paper presents an insight into the boundary layer of free convection and heat transfer of nanofluids over a vertical plate at very low and high Prandtl number. Suitable similarity variables are used to convert the governing systems of nonlinear partial differential equations of the flow and heat transfer to systems of nonlinear ordinary differential equations which are solved using multi-s...