Unredressed injustices in national and global history raise important normative questions. These questions are highlighted by the growing chorus of voices public academic discourse calling for agents, especially those Global North, to recognize redress major their past, most notably colonialism, chattel slavery, segregation.1 One is justification question: do (some) present-day agents have mora...

This article provides an overview of trends in Medicare assignment rates. It covers changes over time in assignment by demographic characteristics and State and analyzes beneficiary liability. Although assignment rates were rising slowly from 1977 to 1983, beneficiary liability was also rising, primarily because of the rise in physician charges and the reduction on allowed charges. Substantial ...

Administrative Record Systems may be an overlooked source of data for health services researchers. Through its administration of the Medicare and Medicaid Programs, the Health Care Financing Administration (HCFA) routinely receives data on items such as its beneficiary population, providers certified to deliver care to its beneficiary population, providers certified to deliver care to the benef...

Nowadays stakeholders and public awareness have increased the pressure on companies for environmental issues. Thus, green supply chain management (GSCM) seems vital for companies' environmental compliance and business growth. Companies continuously seek novel ideas and methods, that can enable them to obtain and/or maintain environmental sustainability. Greening the supply chain is one such...

Having recently celebrated the centennial of the commencing of Harry Stack Sullivan’s distinguished medical career (M.D., 1911), it seems appropriate that both a review of his life and work be brought before a forgetful public and to draw attention to the contribution he has made to contemporary psychotherapeutic practice as the “father of modern psychiatry” as some in the field have insistentl...

There is a long history of productive collaboration between biomedical scientists in academia and in the pharmaceutical industry. The primary beneficiary of this collaboration has been the public. Since the middle of the last century, marked advances in the treatment and prevention of disease have been driven by the translational research interactions across these two domains. But now, at a tim...

In this study the authors use 3 years of the Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey (MCBS) to evaluate alternative demographic, survey, and claims-based risk adjusters for Medicare capitation payment. The survey health-status models have three to four times the predictive power of the demographic models. The risk-adjustment model derived from claims diagnoses has 75-percent greater predictive powe...

This article evaluates Arizona's alternative to the acute portion of Medicaid, the Arizona Health Care Cost-Containment System (AHCCCS), during its first 18 months of operation from October 1982 through March 1984. It focuses on the program's implementation and describes and evaluates the program's innovative features. The features of the program outlined in the original AHCCCS legislation incl...

background: the baby-friendly hospital initiative was launched in 1989 by world health organization and the united nations children's fund for the promotion of breastfeeding. this program was implemented in many departments of gynecology and obstetrics and resulted in reduced malnutrition, infection, morbidity and mortality in children. this program has introduced 10 specific steps to supp...