Foaming and spill-out from the drive end of the rotating stainless steel cylinder oxygenator has been a serious problem, but sure remedies for both defects have been discovered. Oxygenation has always been 85 to 100% even with flow rates over 6 litres/minute. The machine was passed as safe for clinical use after test runs had been made on dogs in 1959, at which time the cause of oxygenator fail...

This paper reviews the applications of time of flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) used for surface chemical analysis of mineral in the context of froth flotation. A wide range of applications are reviewed, including; interactions of reagents on the surface of mineral phases during flotation separation, determining the effects of various transferred ions from different minerals or...

Universal topological properties of two-dimensional trivalent cellular patterns are found from shell analysis of soap froth and computer-generated Voronoi diagrams. We introduce a cluster analysis based on the shell model and find the universal relation ln(a/mu(2)) = A+Bln(mu(2)), with the generalized Aboav parameter a and second moment of the number of cell edge distribution mu(2). For the sec...

Two biodegradable quaternary ammonium salts were synthesized and used as cationic collectors in processing iron ores by froth flotation. The flotation behaviors of iron minerals with the new biodegradable quaternary ammonium collectors were investigated by micro-flotation tests of quartz (SiO2) and magnetite (Fe3O4). It was observed that the new biodegradable collectors were effective in separa...

We present some experimental results concerning the conformational instabilities observed in a thin layer made of an immiscible mixture of a magnetic fluid and another liquid submitted to an external magnetic field. We observed macroscopic domains with stripe or bubble shape. The transition bet~~een the two morphologies is observed and a coexistence of the two phases is visualized in a variable...

It is almost fifty years since Mr Bolam was injured when receiving ECT and he unsuccessfully sued the hospital for damages. However, while the world and Medicine have moved on, the principles set out by McNair J in his clear and simple direction to the jury are still in force today (though with a little gloss and froth added by successive judgments). In a nutshell, a doctor is not negligent if ...