Systematic studies of global observables in different collision systems are indispensable for mapping the QCD phase diagram. Fluctuations in these quantities can provide fundamental information relevant for the phase transitions. The following global observables relevant to critical behavior are studied: the longitudinal density correlation, K to π and p to π fluctuations, and the constituent q...

In this paper we study the connections between cyclic presentations of groups and branched cyclic coverings of (1, 1)-knots. In particular , we prove that every n-fold strongly-cyclic branched covering of a (1, 1)-knot admits a cyclic presentation for the fundamental group encoded by a Heegaard diagram of genus n.

In this paper a novel solution algorithm is proposed for solving general first order dynamic network loading (DNL) problems in general transport networks. This solution algorithm supports any smooth non-linear two regime concave fundamental diagram and adopts a simplified fanning scheme. It is termed eGLTM (event-based General Link Transmission Model) and is based on a continuous-time formulati...

Discussions on the Langevin Twins ‘paradox’ are most often based on a “triangular” diagram which outlines the twins spacetime travels. It won’t be our way, avoiding what we think to be a problem at the basis of numerous controversies. Our approach relies on a fundamentally different Equivalence Principle, namely the so-called “Punctual Equivalence Principle” (GB01), from which we think that a v...

The Hubble diagrams in B, V , and I of a complete sample of 35 SNe Ia with (B − V) < 0.06 and 1200 < v ∼ < 30 000 km s −1 have a scatter of only 0. m 1, after small corrections are applied for differences in decline rate ∆m15 and color (B −V). The tightness of the Hubble diagrams proves blue SNe Ia to be the best " standard candles " known. Their absolute magnitudes MB,V,I are calibrated by eig...

We consider the question of which right-angled Artin groups contain closed hyperbolic surface subgroups. It is known that a right-angled Artin group A(K) has such a subgroup if its defining graph K contains an n-hole (i.e. an induced cycle of length n) with n ≥ 5. We construct another eight “forbidden” graphs and show that every graph K on ≤ 8 vertices either contains one of our examples, or co...

MOTIVATION Diagrams embedded in the biomedical literature convey rich contents, which often concisely and intuitively highlight key thesis of a research article. Despite their vital importance and informative clues for biomedical literature navigation and retrieval; currently, we miss an effective computational method for automatically understanding and accessing these valuable resources. PRO...

Recently, theoretical models to employ physical interactions between monomers for the selection of appropriate heteropolymer sequences have been suggested. The Shakhnovich-Gutin model simulates the in vivo creation of natural proteins by molecular evolution. Our model suggests a method for the in vitro synthesis of heteropolymers which are “protein-like” in the sense that they have unique 3D fo...

We investigate a probabilistic cellular automaton model which has been introduced recently. This model describes single-lane traac ow on a ring and generalizes the asymmetric exclusion process models. We study the equilibrium properties and calculate the so-called fundamental diagrams ((ow vs. density) for parallel dynamics. This is done numerically by computer simulations of the model and by m...