Strobilurins are one of the most important classes of agricultural fungicide. Their invention was inspired by a group of fungicidally active natural products. The outstanding benefits they deliver are currently being utilised in a wide range of crops throughout the world. First launched in 1996, the strobilurins now include the world's biggest selling fungicide, azoxystrobin. By 2002 there will...

The most serious disease problem in fraser fir (Abies fraseri) Christmas tree production is phytophthora root rot (PRR). The efficacies of six fungicide treatments in preventing PRR incited by Phytophthora cactorum and P. drechsleri in 2-year-old fraser fir seedlings were evaluated in 2010 and 2011 in central Pennsylvania. The study examined five fungicide drench treatments [dimethomorph, foset...

Peronophythora litchii is the causal agent of litchi downy blight. Enestroburin, SYP-1620, SYP-2815 and ZJ0712 are four novel QoI fungicides developed by China. Eight mutants of P. litchii resistant to these QoI fungicides and azoxystrobin (as a known QoI fungicide) were obtained in our preliminary work. In this study, the full length of the cytochrome b gene in P. litchii, which has a full len...

In this study, the degradation of metalaxyl was investigated in the presence of two Mucorales strains, previously isolated from soil subjected to repeated treatments with this fungicide and selected after enrichment technique. Fungal strains were characterised by a polyphasic approach using phylogenetic analysis of the Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) gene region, phenotypic characterisation b...

Botrytis cinerea is a necrotrophic pathogen causing a major problem in the export and post-harvest of strawberries. Inappropriate use of fungicides leads to resistance among fungal pathogens. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the sensitivity of B. cinerea to various classes of fungicide and to determine the effectiveness of different concentrations of commonly used fungicides. We thus eval...

The cost-effectiveness of four production systems of a short-straw form of winter triticale (cv. Alekto) with different levels of nitrogen fertilization and fungicide treatment was determined. Based on the current prices of means of production, the total cost of winter triticale production was estimated at PLN 2200-2600, and direct costs accounted for 60-65% of total costs. Regardless of the ap...

Experiments for evaluation of the toxic effects of the triazole fungicide triticonazole in one control and three experimental groups of pigs, treated orally via a gastic tube at increasing doses of 200 mg/kg, 1000 mg/kg and 2000 mg/kg (0.1LD50, 0.5LD50 and LD50 respectively) were performed. The clinical status of animals (body temperature, heart and respiratory rates, colour of mucosae, appetit...

A 12-acre field at the Delta Branch Station in Clarkedale, AR, was subdivided into 16 plots, each ~ 0.75 acre in size (56 rows x 63 m). The experiment consisted of four treatments: (1) untreated control, (2) fungicide treated, (3) conventional threshold, and (4) experimental threshold; with four replicates in a Latin square design. The fungicide treatment was used in an attempt to disrupt the a...