Expressions like know and stand on are standardly interpreted as binary relations between entities. Sentence (1) can be paraphrased by requiring that every element of the set {Mary, Sue,Jane} is in the know relation with every other element of this set. By contrast, in sentence (2) an analogous interpretation is highly unlikely. We describe the contrast in Figure 1, modeling binary relations us...

Expressions like know and stand on are standardly analyzed as denoting binary relations between entities. Sentence (1) can be paraphrased by requiring that every element of the set {Mary,Sue,Jane} is in the know relation with every other element of this set. By contrast, in sentence (2) an analogous interpretation is highly unlikely. We describe the contrast in Figure 1, modeling binary relatio...

A’ view of nature within the framework of garden and in relation with human needs and drives that satisfy theneed to be rooted has caused the representation of nature in garden to be regarded as cultural heritage. Garden and garden designing are suitable cases for us to study cultural characteristics and traits. Thus, human beings have searched their eternal interest in an ideal and unattainabl...

We present a novel approach to relation extraction, based on the observation that the information required to assert a relationship between two named entities in the same sentence is typically captured by the shortest path between the two entities in the dependency graph. Experiments on extracting top-level relations from the ACE (Automated Content Extraction) newspaper corpus show that the new...

—In this paper, we introduce the " Garden Alive " system that allows users to interact with an emotionally intelligent virtual garden by manipulating tangible user interfaces. The Garden Alive aims to provide both entertainment and education. The proposed system is composed of three components. In the first module, tangible user interfaces bridge to the garden in a virtual world. In the second ...

In statistical machine translation, word lattices are used to represent the ambiguities in the preprocessing of the source sentence, such as word segmentation for Chinese or morphological analysis for German. Several approaches have been proposed to define the probability of different paths through the lattice with external tools like word segmenters, or by applying indicator features. We intro...

We cast multi-sentence compression as a structured prediction problem. Related sentences are represented by a word graph so that summaries constitute paths in the graph (Filippova, 2010). We devise a parameterised shortest path algorithm that can be written as a generalised linear model in a joint space of word graphs and compressions. We use a large-margin approach to adapt parameterised edge ...

Across languages, clauses containing descriptions of similar events are likely to include the same conceptual components, but these may be distributed differently across the constituents of the clause. Compare, for instance, the English description of a directed motion event in (1a) to its most natural French translation (1b). Both these sentences contain linguistic units expressing the concept...

A word lattice is an eecient representation of a large set of possible sentence candidates, of which only a few are grammaticaland thus parsable. Word lattices are a common output of some speech recognizers, and may also arise as a result of multiple part-of-speech tags of sentence words. Parsing a word lattice involves nding a path of connecting words within the lattice that is grammatical. In...