Petri nets are frequently used for modeling and analysis of discrete event systems. Similar to other modeling formalisms for discrete systems, it suffers from state explosion. Fluidification can be used to overcome this difficulty yielding fluid approximation of original Petri nets in the sense of behaviours and properties. This models are called continuous Petri nets. In this work, stochastic ...

Fluidization of cohesive pharmaceutical powders is difficult to achieve and typically requires the introduction external forces. This study investigates fluidization fine inhalation grade lactose (size range from 0.1-20 μm) that are specifically developed for dry powder (DPI) applications. The behaviour was evaluated under six conditions: without aids, with only vertical vibration (VFA), a down...

A CFD-DEM model for aerated vibratory convection was developed to explore the coupled gas-solid interactions governing bulk powder bed dynamics. Each simulation prepared by carefully characterizing rough, porous conveyor baseplate and four candidate particle sizes representative of typical beds. Trends in particles between 20 250 μm diameter could be explained considering each powder's minimum ...

Solids holdup as one of the main parameters in characterizing performance fluidized bed reactors is widely concerned. With its development and improvement, visualization technology has been applied fluidization because little disturbance to flow. In this study, four types particles with different properties are tested a narrow rectangular equipped high-speed video camera. Calibration curves the...

This study presents a new method to remove lignin from wheat straw (lignocellulosic) using the ozonation technique. Lignocellulosic material is complex biopolymer composed of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. Apart lignin, which acts as chemical resistant, lignocellulosic main resource cellulose sugars. The reaction takes place in two-phase solid–gas fluidization stainless steel reactor. foc...

This paper describes an experimental study on the extent of capture efficiency in a fluidized bed system under controlled conditions. Using aerosols as tracer compound, the capture efficiency in a fluidized bed was quantitatively measured as a function of contact distance (time). The paper presents the experimental technique as well as the results relating the capture efficiency to the bed hydr...

An experimental approach is proposed to investigate the gas-solid structure in the vicinity of a sparger nozzle in a fluidized bed. The local hydrodynamics were studied under injection velocities ranging between 0 and 100 m/s and three orientations. A fiber-optic probe was used to measure the instantaneous local particle holdup near the tip of the sparger nozzle. Under the investigated conditio...

The swirling transport characteristics of grain particles in bulk pipeline after fluidization were studied. A spinning device was designed for the lateral filling pipe. pipe distributed uniformly along circumference same section main pipe, number set to 3–7, and included angles with 20°, 30°, 40°, respectively. CFD-DEM used simulate swirl a horizontal pipeline. multiphase inlet velocity 20 m/s,...

Abstract This paper described the plant scale catalytic process of plastic waste materials in order to obtain an alternative fuel from three wastes Polypropylene (PP), Polystyrene (PS) and Polyethylene (PE). Pyrolysis is thermochemical decomposition plastics at elevated temperatures (in absence or little supply oxygen) into a range useful products: gas, liquid, solid residue. These have consist...

In this paper, experimental data on the drying kinetics of corn in a packed and fluidized bed are presented. Experimental research was conducted on a laboratory apparatus. Corn was used as a material because of its significance in agriculture and the food industry. An analysis of the influence of the operational parameters (the drying medium velocity i. e. the flu...