Despite numerous improvements in the development and maintenance of software, bugs and security holes exist in today’s products, and malicious intrusions happen frequently. While this is a general problem, it explicitly applies to webbased services. However, Byzantine fault-tolerant (BFT) replication and proactive recovery offer a powerful combination to tolerate and overcome these kinds of fau...

Background: T1-weighted imaging of inhaled hyperpolarized gas can be used to quantify the partial pressure of oxygen (pO2) in lung airspaces. A short-breath-hold implementation of the pO2-mapping technique, using hyperpolarized He, was shown to accurately depict known pO2 variations in phantom experiments, and yielded physiologically plausible pO2 maps in human lungs [1]. Although most pO2 mapp...

We report the infrared (IR) absorption spectra of different conformational isomers of gas phase amino acid molecules in the molecular fingerprint region of 330-1500 cm(-1). The IR absorption spectra for three conformers of the amino acid tryptophan show absorption bands that uniquely identify the conformational structure of the molecule and that are well matched by density functional theory cal...

3. Biodiversity co-benefits are a major motivation for investments in REDD demonstration activities. Ph ot o: G . C er bu Does the current distribution and composition of demonstration and readiness investments for Reduced Emissions from Deforestation and forest Degradation in developing countries (REDD) hold promise for radically reducing greenhouse gas emissions? A global survey of REDD activ...

We present results from new calculations of the X-ray reflection spectrum from ionized accretion discs. These computations improve on our previous models by including the condition of hydrostatic balance in the vertical direction, following the work of Nayakshin, Kazanas & Kallman. We find that an ionized Fe Kα line is prominent in the reflection spectra for a wide variety of physical condition...

In this research work, hydrodynamic characteristics and gas–liquid mass transfer in a laboratory scale inverse turbulent bed reactor were studied. In order to characterize internal flow in the reactor, the residence time distribution (RTD) was obtained by the stimulus-response technique using potassium chloride as a tracer. Different solid hold-up (0–0.37) and air superficial velocity (2.7–6.5 ...

We present results from new calculations of the X-ray reflection spectrum from ionized accretion discs. These computations improve on our previous models by including the condition of hydrostatic balance in the vertical direction, following the work of Nayakshin, Kazanas & Kallman. We find that an ionized Fe Kα line is prominent in the reflection spectra for a wide variety of physical condition...