Radiotherapy has an important role in the treatment of prostate cancer. Three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy (3D-CRT), intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) and volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) techniques are all applied for this purpose. However, the risk of secondary radiation-induced bladder cancer is significantly elevated in irradiated patients compared surgery-only ...

BACKGROUND To compare and evaluate the possible advantages related to the use of VMAT and helical IMRT and two different modalities of boost delivering, adjuvant stereotactic boost (SRS) or simultaneous integrated boost (SIB), in the treatment of brain metastasis (BM) in RPA classes I-II patients. METHODS Ten patients were treated with helical IMRT, 5 of them with SRS after whole brain radiot...

In vivo methylphenidate (MPD) administration increases vesicular monoamine transporter-2 (VMAT-2) immunoreactivity, VMAT-2-mediated dopamine (DA) transport, and DA content in a nonmembrane-associated (referred to herein as cytoplasmic) vesicular subcellular fraction purified from rat striatum: a phenomenon attributed to a redistribution of VMAT-2-associated vesicles within nerve terminals. In c...

OBJECTIVE Phaeochromocytomas in patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 (MEN 2) produce adrenaline, whereas those with von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) syndrome do not. This study assessed whether these distinctions relate to differences in expression of the transporters responsible for uptake and storage of catecholamines - the noradrenaline transporter and the vesicular monoamine transporter...

BACKGROUND Intensity-modulated proton therapy (IMPT), non-coplanar 4π intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT), and volumetric-modulated arc therapy (VMAT) represent the most advanced treatment methods based on heavy ion and X-rays, respectively. Here we compare their performance for prostate cancer treatment. METHODS Ten prostate patients were planned using IMPT with robustness optimizat...

Volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) and intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) are commonly used treatment techniques for cancer treatment, and both the VMAT and IMRT techniques use the photon beam (mega-voltage X-rays) to deliver radiation dose to the tumor. The capability of modulating radiation beam has increased the ability of delivering more conformal dose distributions to tumor ...

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to investigate if the flattening filter free (FFF) irradiation mode of a linear accelerator (linac) is advantageous as compared to the flat beam (FF) irradiation mode in intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) and volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) for carcinoma of the hypopharynx / larynx. METHODS Four treatment plans were created for each of 10...

It is important to improve the magnitude of dose variation that is caused by the interplay effect. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of the number of breaths (NBs) to the dose variation for VMAT-SBRT to lung cancer. Data on respiratory motion and multileaf collimator (MLC) sequence were collected from the cases of 30 patients who underwent radiotherapy with VMAT-SBRT for lung ...

PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to assess the dosimetric equivalence of magnetic resonance (MR)-generated synthetic CT (synCT) and simulation CT for treatment planning in radiotherapy of rectal cancer. METHODS This study was conducted on eleven patients who underwent whole-body PET/MR and PET/CT examination in a prospective IRB-approved study. For each patient synCT was generated from D...

Post-mastectomy radiotherapy (PMRT) has been shown to improve disease-free survival and overall survival for locally advanced breast cancer. However, long term survivors may develop life threatening acute and chronic treatment-related toxicities after radiotherapy, like cardiac toxicity and second cancers. The more advanced techniques like volumetric arc therapy (VMAT), and proton therapy have ...