Predefined sequences of eye movements, or ‘gaze gestures’, can be consciously performed by humans and monitored non-invasively using remote video oculography. Gaze gestures hold great potential in human–computer interaction, HCI, as long as they can be easily assimilated by potential users, monitored using low cost gaze tracking equipment and machine learning algorithms are able to distinguish ...

PURPOSE To investigate the changes occurring in the axial length, choroidal thickness, and anterior biometrics of the eye during a 10-minute near task performed in downward gaze. METHODS Twenty young adult subjects (10 emmetropes and 10 myopes) participated in this study. To measure ocular biometrics in downward gaze, an optical biometer was inclined on a custom-built height- and tilt-adjusta...

When conversing and collaborating in everyday situations, people naturally and interactively align their behaviors with each other across various communication channels, including speech, gesture, posture, and gaze. Having access to a partner's referential gaze behavior has been shown to be particularly important in achieving collaborative outcomes, but the process in which people's gaze behavi...

Dogs are renowned for being skilful at using human-given communicative cues such as pointing. Results are contradictory, however, when it comes to dogs' following human gaze, probably due to methodological discrepancies. Here we investigated whether dogs follow human gaze to one of two food locations better than into distant space even after comparable pre-training. In Experiments 1 and 2, the ...

Facial expression and gaze direction play an important role in social communication. Previous research has demonstrated the perception of anger is enhanced by direct gaze, whereas, it is unclear whether perception of fear is enhanced by averted gaze. In addition, previous research has shown the anxiety affects the processing of facial expression and gaze direction, but hasn't measured or contro...

BACKGROUND There have been varied studies that have suggested a relationship between dental occlusion/temporomandibular joint (TMJ) status and general body health. Therefore, it is important to elucidate the systematic relationships and corresponding action mechanisms between them. OBJECTIVES The purpose of this part of study was to review the relationships between dental occlusion/TMJ status...

Humans make prediction about physical environments and future events through inference. Previous research has proposed that a common sense engine implementing probabilistic programming is used to build an internal model of the environment, and simulations of that internal model are used for inferences. Battaglia et al.(2013) have demonstrated an application of this formulation in physical scene...

We present a neural eld approach towards local navigation that is capable of endowing a mobile robot with features of autonomy. In particular we refer to the ability (and appetency) of making decisions and keeping them stable in a varying environment. The quality of a decision is represented by the strength of an activation over the neural eld. We employ this strength for innuencing the robot's...

To quantify performance of the goldfish oculomotor neural integrator and determine its dependence on visual feedback, we measured the relationship between eye drift-velocity and position during spontaneous gaze fixations in the light and in the dark. In the light, drift-velocities were typically less than 1 deg/s, similar to those observed in humans. During brief periods in darkness, drift-velo...