The diffuse Galactic γ-ray background, as observed with EGRET on CGRO, exceeds the model predictions significantly above 1 GeV. This is particularly true for the inner Galaxy. We shall discuss here the contribution of the Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR) sources, considered as unresolved, and in addition the possibility that the transport of the GCRs out of the Galaxy is not uniform over the Galactic ...

We study galactic cosmic ray (GCR) modulation during solar cycle 24. For this we utilize neutron monitor data together with sunspot number (SSN) and 10.7 cm radio flux (SRF) data. plot hysteresis curve between the GCR intensity SSN, SRF. performed time-lag correlation analysis to determine time lag activity parameters. The is determined not only for whole cycle, but also two polarity states of ...

In the search for regular, undirected dense graphs for interconnection networks, Chudnovsky et al. found certain Cayley graphs that are the densest degree-four graphs known for an interesting range of diameters [l]. However, the group theoretic representation of Cayley graphs makes the development of effective routing algorithms difficult. This paper shows that all finite Cayley graphs can be r...

Solution of large linear systems encountered in computational fluid dynamics often naturally leads to some form of domain decomposition, especially when it is desired to use parallel machines. It has been proposed to use approximate solvers to obtain fast but rough solutions on the separate subdomains. In this paper approximate solutions via (1) an inner preconditioned GMRES iteration to fixed ...

Introduction: Protection against the hazards from exposure to ionizing radiation remains an unresolved issue in the Human Exploration and Development of Space (HEDS) enterprise [1]. The major uncertainty is the lack of data on biological response to galactic cosmic ray (GCR) exposures but even a full understanding of the physical interaction of GCR with shielding and body tissues is not yet ava...

Palaeoclimatic data provide extensive evidence for solar forcing of the climate during the Holocene and the last ice age, but the underlying mechanism remains a mystery. However recent satellite observations suggest that clouds may be influenced by cosmic rays, which are modulated by the solar wind. Physical mechanisms have been proposed to explain the cloud observations, but definitive experim...

Deep-space manned flight as a reality depends on a viable solution to the radiation problem. Both acute and chronic radiation health threats are known to exist, with solar particle events as an example of the former and galactic cosmic rays (GCR) of the latter. In this experiment Iron ions of 1A GeV are used to simulate GCR and to determine the secondary radiation field created as the GCR-like ...