Counseling Association by Dr. Garry R. Walz and Dr. Jeanne C. Bleuer of Counseling Outfitters, LLC. Its purpose is to provide a means of capturing the ideas, information and experiences generated by the annual ACA Conference and selected ACA Division Conferences. Papers on a program or practice that has been validated through research or experience may also be submitted. This digital collection...

How does the levels of selection question relate to the ‘major evolutionary transitions’? Such transitions, as defined by Eörs Szathmáry and John Maynard Smith, occur when free-living biological units, capable of surviving and reproducing alone, coalesce into a single larger unit, giving rise to a new, higher-level individual — for example, in the evolution of multicelled organisms from single-...

Objective/Context: This article explains why current events demand the exploration of histories sexual violence, setting four pieces that comprise this special issue in their broader historiographical and social context. Despite important body work has been produced to date exploring issues related gender sexuality region during nineteenth twentieth century, violence remains severely understudi...

This study uses cross-national evidence to estimate the effect of school peer performance on the size of the gender gap in the formation of STEM career aspirations. We argue that STEM aspirations are influenced not only by gender stereotyping in the national culture but also by the performance of peers in the local school environment. Our analyses are based on the Program for International Stud...

Abstract Chatbots have in recent years increasingly been used by organizations to interact with their customers. Interestingly, most of these chatbots are gendered as female, displaying stereotypical notions avatars, profile pictures and language. Considering the harmful effects associated gender-based stereotyping at a societal level—and particular detrimental women—it is crucial understand su...

The present experiment examined if and how ‘‘gender’’ of the computer, manifested in character representation, would affect its informational influence on individuals’ decisions on masculine (sports) or feminine (fashion) topics. In a 2 (participant’s gender) 2 (character gender) 2 (nature of topic: masculine vs. feminine) between-subjects experiment, participants played a trivia quiz game with...

Computer games were conceptualized as a potential mode of entry into computer-related employment for women. Computer games contain increasing levels of realism and violence, as well as biased gender portrayals. It has been suggested that aggressive personality characteristics attract people to aggressive video games, and that more women do not play computer games because they are socialized to ...

In a sample of 136 Italian children ages 8 to 12 years (M = 9.6, SD = 1.2; 68 boys, 68 girls), gender stereotypes related to gender-typed toys, traits, and occupational choices were examined, using the forced-choice technique between a male and a female silhouette. Stereotypy was established considering boys' and girls' choices for the 70%-100% range. Differences in gender stereotyping for age ...