Egr-1 (early-growth response factor-1) is a sequence-specific transcription factor that plays a regulatory role in the expression of many genes important for cell growth, development and the pathogenesis of disease. The transcriptional co-activators CBP (cAMP-response-element-binding-protein-binding protein) and p300 interact with sequence-specific transcription factors as well as components of...

DNA binding transcription factors require the presence of co-activators in order to exert their effects on the pattern of gene expression in a cell. An essential element of co-activator complexes is one or more proteins that have histone acetyltransferase activity. In a gene trap screen for mutations affecting brain development, we identified a member of the MYST family histone acetyltransferas...

HIV-1 gene expression requires both viral and cellular factors to control and coordinate transcription. While the viral factor Tat is known for its transcriptional transactivator properties, we present evidence for an unexpected function of Tat in viral splicing regulation. We used a series of HIV-1 reporter minigenes to demonstrate that Tat's role in splicing is dependent on the cellular co-tr...

Fabry disease is a rare X-linked lysosomal storage disorder caused by a deficiency in α-galactosidase A (GLA), which catalyzes the hydrolysis of terminal α-galactosyl groups from glycosphingolipids, such as globotriaosylceramide (Gb3). Many of the mutations in the GLA gene are missense alterations that cause misfolding, decreased stability, and/or mistrafficking of this protein. Small molecule ...

Of considerable interest are the evolutionary and developmental origins of complex, adaptive structures and the mechanisms that stabilize these structures. We consider the relationship between the evolutionary process of gene duplication and deletion and the stability of morphogenetic patterns produced by interacting activators and inhibitors. We compare the relative stability of patterns with ...

Lysine acetyltransferases (KATs) play a critical role in the regulation of transcription and other genomic functions. However, a persistent challenge is the development of assays capable of defining KAT activity directly in living cells. Toward this goal, here we report the application of a previously reported dCas9-p300 fusion as a transcriptional reporter of KAT activity. First, we benchmark ...

Recently, Src tyrosine kinase has emerged as an attractive target for anticancer therapy, and Src is overexpressed in pancreatic cancer. The purpose of the study was to investigate the in vivo efficacy and pharmacodynamic effects of bosutinib (SKI-606), a Src/Abl inhibitor, using a panel of human pancreatic tumor xenografts. Surgically resected human pancreatic tumors were implanted into female...

The majority of bacterial promoters are regulated by at least two transcription factors. Many of these promoters are regulated by two activators, with expression being co-dependent on the activity of both activators [l] . At most of these promoters, one of the activators responds to a ‘global’ regulatory signal whilst the other responds to a ‘specific’ signal. For example, transcription initiat...

Shigella spp. cause hundreds of millions intestinal infections each year. They target the mucosa human colon and are an important model intracellular bacterial pathogenesis. is a pathovar Escherichia coli that characterized by presence large invasion plasmid, pINV, which encodes characteristic type III secretion system icsA used for cytosol cell-to-cell spread, respectively. First, we review re...

Background With the increase in world population, need for livestock-based nutrition is also increasing. In addition, livestock sector becomes more important as it contributes to economy However, sepsis has high morbidity and mortality rate newborn calves can cause severe economic losses. Therefore, new biomarkers distinguish from other diseases are urgently needed veterinary medicine. present ...