Adenosine-to-Inosine (A-to-I) RNA editing is a post-transcriptional mechanism, evolved to diversify the transcriptome in metazoa. In addition to wide-spread editing in non-coding regions protein recoding by RNA editing allows for fine tuning of protein function. Functional consequences are only known for some editing sites and the combinatorial effect between multiple sites (functional epistasi...

Adenosine-to-inosine (A-to-I) RNA editing, catalyzed by Adenosine DeAminases acting on double-stranded RNA(dsRNA) (ADAR), occurs predominantly in the 3' untranslated regions (3'UTRs) of spliced mRNA. Here we uncover an unanticipated link between ADARs (ADAR1 and ADAR2) and the expression of target genes undergoing extensive 3'UTR editing. Using METTL7A (Methyltransferase Like 7A), a novel tumor...

Gene-editing provides an opportunity to address the significant challenges of population growth and climate change that impact food production. Given important role gene-editing in our system, exploring opportunities persuade public acceptance technology is needed. The purpose this study was investigate persuasive effects metaphorical concepts regarding agriculture. Elaboration Likelihood Model...

The β-globin disorders β-thalassemia and sickle cell disease have been at the forefront of gene therapy development from its very inception. Owing to their frequency, severity and exceptionally well characterized molecular pathology, and to the availability of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells as substrate for therapies, these disorders promise both fast insights into new methodologies an...

The CRISPR/Cas9 genome-editing platform is a promising technology to correct the genetic basis of hereditary diseases. The versatility, efficiency and multiplexing capabilities of the CRISPR/Cas9 system enable a variety of otherwise challenging gene correction strategies. Here, we use the CRISPR/Cas9 system to restore the expression of the dystrophin gene in cells carrying dystrophin mutations ...

Gene replacement therapies utilizing adeno-associated viral (AAV) vectors hold great promise for treating Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). A related approach uses AAV vectors to edit specific regions of the DMD gene using CRISPR/Cas9. Here we develop multiple approaches for editing the mutation in dystrophic mdx4cv mice using single and dual AAV vector delivery of a muscle-specific Cas9 casse...

Gene editing tools are essential for uncovering how genes mediate normal brain-behavior relationships and contribute to neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disorders. Recent progress in gene editing technology now allows neuroscientists unprecedented access to edit the genome efficiently. Although many important tools have been developed, here we focus on approaches that allow for rapid gene...

Biotechnologies in agriculture and food are increasingly governed by both state nonstate actors. In this article, we explore emerging tensions contestations the United States over how gene-editing technologies should be whom. This article is framed theoretically literatures examining politics of governance agrifood biotechnology sectors. We draw on semistructured interviews with 45 key actors S...

A number of cytosines are altered to be recognized as uridines in transcripts of the NADH-dehydrogenase subunit 3 (nad3) gene in the mitochondria of the higher plant Petunia hybrida. Here we show that the extent of editing for three of the edit sites, all of which change the encoded amino acid, varies between different Petunia lines. Genetic analysis indicates that a single nuclear gene is resp...

The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/Cas9 system has been proven to be an efficient and precise genome editing technology in various organisms. However, the gene editing efficiencies of Cas9 proteins with a nuclear localization signal (NLS) fused to different termini and Cas9 mRNA have not been systematically compared. Here, we compared the ability of Cas9 prot...