A generally nonconvex optimization problem with equality constraints is studied. The problem is introduced as an “inf sup” of a generalized augmented Lagrangian function. A dual problem is defined as the “sup inf’ of the same generalized augmented Lagrangian. Sufftcient conditions are derived for constructing the augmented Lagrangian function such that the extremal values of the primal and dual...

Error performance is one of the main performance measures and derivation of its closed-form expression has proved to be quite involved for certain systems. In this letter, a unified closed-form December 17, 2010 DRAFT 2 expression, applicable to different binary modulation schemes, for the bit error rate of dual-branch selection diversity based systems undergoing independent but not necessarily...

In this paper, we describe the Galois dual of rank metric codes in ambient space $F_Q^{n\times m}$ and $F_{Q^m}^n$, where Q=qe. We obtain connections between duality with respect to distinct inner products. Furthermore, for 0 ≤ s < e, introduce concept qsm-dual bases FQm over FQ some conditions about existence qsm-self-dual basis.