Abstract In this manuscript we present a true pulse-on-demand laser design concept using two different approaches. First, fiber master oscillator power amplifier (MOPA) based quasi-continuous wave (CW) laser, working at high modulation bandwidths, for generation of nanosecond pulses. Second, hybrid chirped pulse amplification (CPA)-based combining chirped-pulse and an additional solid-state amp...

We generate angularly isolated beams of circularly polarized extreme ultraviolet light through the first implementation of non-collinear high harmonic generation with circularly polarized driving lasers. This non-collinear technique offers numerous advantages over previous methods, including the generation of higher photon energies, the separation of the harmonics from the pump beam, the produc...

Role-based access control (RBAC) received serious academic attention in the early 1990’s, although traces of the underlying concepts had been in ad hoc commercial practise since the 1970’s. Through the 1990’s and 2000’s RBAC achieved remarkable success, and today is widely practised as the preferred form of access control. Adoption of the 2004 NIST/ANSI Standard RBAC Model [1] marks a maturity ...

Aspect-Oriented Programming is an emerging technique that helps improve separation of concerns in software systems. It has received a great deal of recent interest. However, algorithms and empirical results for testing of aspect-oriented programs are lagging some way behind this upsurge in interest. To date, there are few published approaches to automated test data generation for aspectoriented...

Total impurity analysis of a primary standard solution is one of the essential procedures to determine an accurate concentration of the standard solution by the gravimetry. Bi impurity is determined in Pb standard solutions by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The direct nebulization of the Pb standard solution produces a significant amount of the Pb matrix-induced molecula...

This study uses an agent-based test bed (“AMES”) to investigate separation and volatility of locational marginal prices (LMPs) in an ISO-managed restructured wholesale power market operating over an AC transmission grid. Particular attention is focused on the dynamic and cross-sectional response of LMPs to systematic changes in demand-bid price sensitivities and supply-offer price cap levels un...

We show how automatic tools for the verification of linear and branching time properties of procedural, multi-threaded, and functional programs as well as program synthesis can be naturally and uniformly seen as solvers of constraints in form of (quantified) Horn clauses over background logical theories. Such a perspective can offer various advantages, e. g., a logical separation of concerns be...

Symbolic execution is a well established method for test input generation. By taking inputs as symbolic values and solving constraints encoding path conditions, it helps achieve a better test coverage. Despite of having achieved tremendous success over numeric domains, existing symbolic execution techniques for heap-based programs (e.g., linked lists and trees) are limited due to the lack of a ...

The complex nonlinear dynamics of mode-locked fibre lasers, including a broad variety of dissipative structures and self-organization effects, have drawn significant research interest. Around the 2 μm band, conventional saturable absorbers (SAs) possess small modulation depth and slow relaxation time and, therefore, are incapable of ensuring complex inter-pulse dynamics and bound-state soliton ...

The objective of this study was to identify the components, composition, generation rate and management of dental waste in Urmia, Iran. Fifteen dental centers including eight general dental offices, five specialist dental offices and two dental clinics were selected and two samples were taken from each office. Then, the wastes were manually separated in 31 components and weighted. The results s...