R ecent surveys in the U.S., Britain, Australia, and other OECD nations continue to report unacceptably high ,levels of adult illiteracy (Australian Bureau of Statistics, 1997a, 1997b). In the present context of unprecedented growth in symbolic sophistication associated with the current technological revolution (Castells 1996, 1997), claims of widespread adult illiteracy in "advanced" societies...

T he Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS), due to be released this spring, represents a revolutionary step toward establishing modern, national K–12 science education standards. Based on the recommendations of the National Research Council’s A Framework for K–12 Science Education: Practices, Crosscutting Concepts, and Core Ideas (NRC 2012), these performance expectations present a progressi...

This paper introduces a novel technique for synthesis of speed-independent circuits from their Signal Transition Graph specifications. The new method uses partial order in the form of the STG-unfolding segment to derive the logic implementation using approximation techniques. It is based on a new notion of slice, which localises the behaviour of a particular signal instance in a structural frag...

For synthesising efficient asynchronous circuits from STGs one has to deal with the state space explosion problem. For this purpose STG decomposition was introduced by Chu and improved by Vogler and Wollowski. Here, we present the tool DesiJ which is the implementation of STG decomposition and proposed by Vogler and several other optimisations.

This study focused on the factor structure of the victimization form of the Revised Conflict Tactics Scales (CTS2). A sample of 1,266 women participated in the study, including a subgroup of battered women. Results of confirmatory factor analysis supported a model that integrates the five original scales with the severity of violence (minor, severe). In addition, the distinction between minor a...

Institutional analysis that aims to contribute to the reduction of rural poverty needs to focus first of all on the ways in which institutions influence poverty and the livelihoods of the poor. Therefore the starting point has to be poor people themselves. This means understanding their diversity and the different characteristics of people who are affected by poverty and experience it in differ...

Friendship is an intrinsic aspect of living across generations. However, the significance friendship for silver generation has received limited attention from gerontological studies in India. Considering that widowhood accompanied by loneliness, bereavement and stigma, I am interested to understand implications elderly women what extent potential countering negotiating with ageing widowhood. Th...

This research provides estimates of the intergenerational persistence of body mass index (BMI) between women and their children when both are at similar stages of the lifecycle. Using data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 (NLSY79) and the Young Adults of the NLSY79, associations between the weight status of women and their children are measured when both generations are betwe...

This study focuses on changing family formation trajectories in the Russian Federation. In European countries, pathways to family ceased being stable several decades ago, while in Russia – as in any post-socialist country – such features of life course deinstitutionalization as postponement of marriage, rising cohabitation, and reordering of events were revealed only in the 1990s and explained ...

BACKGROUND Missed abortion (Silent miscarriage) is defined as intrauterine fetal death before twenty weeks gestation. One of the most common causes of early missed abortions (before 10 weeks gestation) is cytogenetic abnormalities. OBJECTIVE To asses if there is a correlation between chromosomal aberrations (especially in chromosome 7) and missed abortion among at least two generations. MAT...