The effects of diet composition and ration size on the activities of key enzymes involved in intermediary metabolism were studied in the liver of gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata). High-carbohydrate, low-protein diets stimulated 6-phosphofructo 1-kinase (EC 2.7.1.11), pyruvate kinase (EC 2.7.1.40), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.49) and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.4...

The use of effective biocides as disinfectants is essential in aquaculture facilities. However, while most act effectively on free-living planktonic pathogens, they are seldom useful against biofilms. In this study, we evaluate the biocidal efficacy and antimicrobial specific contact time three disinfectants, Virkon™Aquatic (VirA), peracetic acid (PerA) hydrogen peroxide (HydP), Vibrio anguilla...

Modern aquaculture feeds tend to contain lower levels of fish based ingredients, while increasing the content plant ingredients. However, this may alter vitamin profile feeds, leading unbalanced supply. Requirements for several vitamins have been established species such as carps and salmonids, but adequate gilthead sea bream are yet unknown. Vitamin D is mainly involved in Ca homeostasis by re...

To enhance fish general health, feeds can be supplemented with health-promoting additives, reducing the need to use chemotherapeutics. Incorporation of marine algae biomasses in aquafeeds has been shown improve immune status by enhancing innate response. This study evaluated effects Phaeodactylum tricornutum incorporation feed two different processes, either as freeze-dried biomass or broken ce...