This study presents the first detailed description of upper sedimentary succession late Pleistocene and Holocene deposits in Gulf San Jorge (Patagonia) based on several hundred kilometers high-resolution seismic (sparker) profiles numerous sediment cores. High-resolution stratigraphy confirms existence a paleo-fluvial network formed during sea-level lowstands buried by central basin estuarine l...

[1] Variations to the global wetland CH4 source strength in response to changes in orbital insolation patterns and atmospheric CO2 concentration ([CO2]a) are hypothesized to play an important role in determining glacial-interglacial variations in atmospheric CH4 concentration ([CH4]a). Here the interactive effects of temperature, a major controlling variable determining wetland CH4 flux, and th...

Humans evolved in Africa, but where and how remain unclear. Here it is proposed that the southern coastal plain (SCP) of South Africa may have served as a geographical point of origin through periodic expansion and contraction (isolation) in response to glacial/interglacial changes in sea level and climate. During Pleistocene interglacial highstands when sea level was above 75 m human populatio...

R ECENTLY a new reagent was proposed for the determination of cholesterol (1, 2). This reagent was purported to be saturated ferrous sulfate in glacial acetic acid. Since it has been reported that ferrous sulfate is qualitatively insoluble in anhydrous acetic acid (3, 4) and that ferrous iron is “subject to pronounced air oxidation in glacial acetic acid” (5), it was felt that several factors s...

[1] Geodetic observations show several large, sudden increases in flow speed at Helheim Glacier, one of Greenland’s largest outlet glaciers, during summer, 2007. These step-like accelerations, detected along the length of the glacier, coincide with teleseismically detected glacial earthquakes and major iceberg calving events. No coseismic offset in the position of the glacier surface is observe...

The mid-Pleistocene Transition from 40 ky to ∼100 ky glacial cycles is generally characterized as a singular transition attributable to scouring of continental regolith or a long-term decrease in atmospheric CO2 concentrations. Here an alternative hypothesis is suggested, that Pleistocene glacial variability is chaotic and that transitions from 40 ky to ∼100 ky modes of variability occur sponta...

Detailed field mapping of moraines in the Sagarmatha (Everest) region of the Nepal Himalayas indicates that there are four stages of glacial advance. The Lobuche stage moraines are fresh and sparsely covered with vegetation, which contact the dirty terminus of glaciers. The Thuklha stage moraines which are covered with soil and vegetation are located just outside of the Lobuche stage moraines. ...

This document aim to develop and publish the glacial lake inventory in the Bhutan Himalayas using optical instruments onboard the Advanced Land Observing Satellite (ALOS, nicknamed “Daichi”), which was launched on January 24, 2006. The Glacial Lake Outburst Flood (GLOF) is exposing to a risk for peoples living in downstream regions. The glacial lake inventory is newly developing using ALOS data...

Currently, bioavailable iron (Fe) controls CO 2 uptake in about half of the world's oceans. Furthermore, Fe fluxes to Fe-limited regions have been responsible for phytoplankton blooms and global cooling in the geologic past. The uptake process of Fe from fluxes of various speciation and solubility is not well known, but highly critical. The study of inorganic particulate Fe and its interactions...

Historically, glaciers have been seen as pristine environments. However, recent research has shown that can accumulate and store contaminants over long timescales, through processes such atmospheric deposition, sedimentation, glacial hydrology mass movements. Studies identified numerous anthropogenically derived within the global cryosphere, including six we focus on here: fallout radionuclides...