At very high energies, the partons in the nuclear wavefunction form a color glass condensate. Since the occupation number of partons in the color glass condensate is large, classical methods can be used to compute multi-particle production in the initial instants of a high energy heavy ion collision. Non-perturbative expressions are derived relating the distributions of produced partons to thos...

Amorphous silicon is an important material, amidst a debate whether or not it is a glass. We produce amorphous Si surfaces by ion bombardment and vapor growth, and image discrete Si clusters which hop by two-state dynamics at 295 K. Independent of surface preparation, these clusters have an average diameter of ∼5 atoms. Given prior results for metallic glasses, we suggest that this cluster size...

Ion intercalation based programmable resistors have emerged as a potential next-generation technology for analog deep-learning applications. Proton, being the smallest ion, is very promising candidate to enable devices with high modulation speed, low energy consumption, and enhanced endurance. In this work, we report on first back-end CMOS-compatible nonvolatile protonic resistor enabled by int...

The recent commercial success of foldable smartphones is indebted in part to integration ultra-thin glass (UTG) into the flexible display modules. To endow with such a foldability, while keeping its merits over polymeric materials, tons complicated issues need be resolved addition thickness reduction. Since UTG subjected repeated deformations during service as cover window, extra care required ...

We report the first ever photon correlation spectroscopy performed on single alkali and mixed alkali metaphosphate glasses at refractory temperatures above the glass transition. We find not only a significant decrease in the glass transition temperature but also a decrease in fragility for the mixed alkali composition as compared with the single akali glasses. We argue that structural relaxatio...

A family of lithium-ion-conducting composite polymer-glass electrolytes containing the glass composition 14Li2O–9Al2O3–38TiO2– 39P2O5 (abbreviated as (LiAlTiP)xOy) with high ionic conductivity, an excellent electrochemical stability range, and high compatibility with lithium insertion anodes is described. An optimized composition has a room temperature conductivity of 1:7 10 4 S cm , an Liþ tra...

The glass electrode is the most commonly used device to access the pH of an aqueous solution. It attains highly accurate measurements via simple and well-established procedures. However, the reasons why the glass electrode potential scales with hydrogen ion concentration according to almost Nernstian potential values have been long-standing challenges to explain. Only in the past 50 years has a...

General structure and properties Glass-ionomer cements were developed by Wilson and McLean at the Laboratory of the Government Chemist in England in 196527. They were a logical addition to the family of water-based dental cements, comprising silicate cement, zinc phosphate cement and zinc polycarboxylate cement. Since their commercial introduction, they are now available in essentially two type...

The in vitro expression and electrophysiological recording of recombinant voltage-gated ion channels in cultured human embryonic kidney cells (HEK-293T) is a ubiquitous research strategy. HEK-293T cells must be plated onto glass coverslips at low enough density so that they are not in contact with each other in order to allow for electrophysiological recording without confounding effects due to...