Evapotranspiration (ET) connects the land to atmosphere, linking water, energy, and carbon cycles. ET is an essential climate variable with a fundamental importance, accurate assessments of spatiotemporal trends variability in are needed from regional continental scales. This study compared eight global actual datasets (ETgl) average ensemble (ETens) based on remote sensing, reanalysis, land-su...

Abstract. Information about the spatiotemporal variability of soil moisture is critical for many purposes, including monitoring hydrologic extremes, irrigation scheduling, and prediction agricultural yields. We evaluated temporal dynamics 18 state-of-the-art (quasi-)global near-surface products, six based on satellite retrievals, models without data assimilation (referred to hereafter as “open-...

Because of changing climatic conditions, uneven distribution rainfall occurs throughout India. As a result, dependence on groundwater for irrigation has increased tremendously industrial and domestic purposes. In India approximately 89% agricultural demands are met through groundwater. Due to increases in population, demand lack effective utilization have resulted rapid depletion most parts the...

Abstract. For many ungauged mountain regions, global datasets of different meteorological and land surface parameters are the only data sources available. However, their applicability in modelling high-alpine regions has been insufficiently investigated so far. Therefore, we tested a suite globally available by applying physically based Cold Regions Hydrological Model (CRHM) for 10-year (Septem...

Abstract. Land surface temperature (LST) plays a dominant role in the energy budget (SEB) and hydrological cycling. Thermal infrared (TIR) remote sensing is primary method of estimating LST globally. However, cloud cover leaves numerous data gaps satellite products, which seriously restricts their applications. Efforts have been made to produce gap-free products from polar-orbiting satellites (...