BACKGROUND Glucose is widely used as an osmotic agent in peritoneal dialysis (PD), but exerts untoward effects on the peritoneum. The potential protective effect of a reduced exposure to hypertonic glucose has never been investigated. METHODS The cohort of PD patients attending our center which tackled the challenge of a restricted use of hypertonic glucose solutions has been prospectively fo...

Design: Pregnant women between 16 and 30 weeks of gestation at 18 collaborating centres were screened for insulin intolerance. Those having 1 or more risk factors for gestational diabetes or who had results from a 50-g oral glucose challenge test (defined as ≥ 7.8 mmol/L at 1 h) underwent a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test at 24–34 weeks’ gestation. Healthy women with a fasting plasma-glucose m...

Immune rejection and scarcity of donor tissues are the restrictions of islets transplantation. In this study, the cytoprotection of chitosan hydrogels in xenogeneic islet transplantation was demonstrated. Wistar rat islets encapsulated in chitosan hydrogels were performed glucose challenge test and live/dead cell staining in vitro. Islets/chitosan hydrogels were transplanted into the renal subc...

Plasma glucose values after oral glucose challenge vary widely in nondiabetic subjects. We have now evaluated the role of insulin resistance in determining the plasma glucose response to oral glucose in 74 volunteer subjects with normal glucose tolerance. In these subjects, we determined the plasma glucose and insulin responses over a 3-h period to a 75-g oral glucose challenge, and the steady-...

The Intra Venous Glucose Tolerance Test (IVGTT) is an experimental procedure in which a challenge bolus of glucose is administered intra-venously and plasma glucose and insulin concentrations are then frequently sampled. An open problem is to construct a model representing simultaneously the entire control system. In the last three decades, several models appeared in the literature. One of the ...

BACKGROUND Chromium is an essential element in human nutrition. Serum concentrations of chromium are not well characterized during pregnancy or in gestational diabetes mellitus. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to determine whether low plasma chromium concentrations (< or =3 nmol/L) are associated with altered glucose, insulin, or lipid concentrations during pregnancy. DESIGN The s...

Accumulating evidence documents the initiation of diverse physiologic and biochemical response subsequent to an oral glucose load. However, significant gaps in knowledge exist in the understanding of consequences of glucose load during pregnancy, a state of insulin resistance. Using high dimensional protein arrays, we conducted a pilot proof-of-concept and feasibility study to investigate profi...

OBJECTIVE Diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2) is a risk factor for coronary heart disease (CHD). While there is a clear correlation of fasting blood glucose (FBG) and 2 h post-challenge blood glucose values (2h-BG) with microvascular complications, the risk for CHD conferred by glucose dysregulation antecedent to DM2 is less clear. Therefore, we investigated associations of FBG and 2h-BG values with...