Recent experiments have shown that mRNAs can move between polysomes and P-bodies, which are aggregates of nontranslating mRNAs associated with translational repressors and the mRNA decapping machinery. The transitions between polysomes and P-bodies and how the poly(A) tail and the associated poly(A) binding protein 1 (Pab1p) may affect this process are unknown. Herein, we provide evidence that ...

A new experimental model for the study of two important aspects of ischemia, namely, oxygen and substrate deprivation, is proposed: the intact, beating fetal mouse heart in organ culture. This model offers long-term stability, ease and reproducibility of preparation, and the ability to manipulate experimental conditions. Hearts deprived of oxygen and glucose ceased beating immediately. After 3-...

The plasma membrane glucose transporter (GLUT)-2 is unique among GLUT family proteins in that it also functions as a sensor. GLUT2 imposes sex-dimorphic control of hypothalamic astrocyte storage and catabolism by unknown mechanisms. Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling cascades operate within stress-sensitive signal transduction pathways. present study employed an established prima...

Transglutaminase 2 (TG2) is a hypoxia-responsive protein that is a calcium-activated transamidating enzyme, a GTPase and a scaffolding/linker protein. Upon activation TG2 undergoes a large conformational change, which likely affects not only its enzymatic activities but its non-catalytic functions as well. The focus of this study was on the role of transamidating activity, conformation and loca...

Rabbit retinas were fixed for electron microscopy immediately after removing the eye and after incubations in a control medium and in three different deprivation media that were identical with the control except for the omission of glucose, oxygen, or both. A systematic comparison was made of the electron microscopic appearance of the different retinas with particular attention to four regions:...

Sleep is essential for life. Body systems require sleep of good quantity and quality for their proper functioning. Glucose metabolism can be affected adversely by several sleep disorders. Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is one of the most important disorder identified in the last 50 years which has systemic effects including glucose metabolism. Aging process also has its effects on glucose metabo...