In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, nascent carboxypeptidase Y (CPY) is directed into the endoplasmic reticulum by an NH2-terminal signal peptide that is removed before the glycosylated protein is transported to the vacuole. In this paper, we show that this signal peptide does not function in mammalian cells: CPY expressed in COS-1 cells is not glycosylated, does not associate with membranes, and reta...

In the present study, a mutant strain of Saccharomyces cerevisae EMS-42 was used for the biosynthesis of invertase (E.C.3.2.1.26). Both types of invertases i.e., extracellular and intracellular invertase are present in S. cerevisae. An extracellular invertase was purified to homogeneity by two step purification i.e., ammonium sulfate precipitation and DEAE-Sephadex A-50. The enzyme was present ...

This study was planned to evaluate the liver function in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus by measuring bilirubin (total and direct), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), total protein, albumin and glycosylated hemoglobin (HBA1c) .The study was carried out in Santosh Medical College & Hospital, Ghaziabad. 100 patients with t...

The determination of molecular weights (MWs) of heavily glycosylated proteins is seriously hampered by the physicochemical characteristics and heterogeneity of the attached carbohydrates. Glycosylation impacts protein migration during sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) and size-exclusion chromatography (SEC) analysis. Standard electrospray ionization (ESI)-ma...

We developed a method for introducing an N-glycosylation cassette into proteins at random sites by constructing cDNAs and expressing it in mammalian cells. The protocol entails four steps: (i) generation of cDNAs that contain single, randomly-located blunt end cuts; (ii) ligation of N-glycosylation cassettes into the blunt end cuts in three-frame formats; (iii) selection of the cDNA clones enco...

Mucin 1 (MUC1) is a type I transmembrance protein that consists of an extracellular domain containing a variable number of tandem repeats (VNTRs), a transmembrance domain and a cytoplasmic domain (Gendler., 2001; Schuman et al., 2005). The 20-amino acid sequence (GVTSAPDTRPAPGSTAPPAH) repeats of the VNTRs of MUC1 are heavily glycosylated (Gendler et al., 1995). While MUC1 is expressed at low le...

Microvessels isolated from rat epididymal fat exhibit differential vesicular ingestion rates for unmodified and non-enzymatically glycosylated rat albumin. While unmodified rat albumin is excluded from ingestion by endothelial micropinocytic vesicles, glycosylated albumin is avidly taken up by endocytosis. Interaction of albumin and glycosylated albumin with endothelium was studied with a doubl...

Abstract α-Dystroglycan (α-DG) is a highly glycosylated cell-surface protein. Defective O-mannosyl glycan on α-DG associated with muscular dystrophies and cancer. In the biosynthetic pathway of glycan, fukutin (FKTN) fukutin-related protein (FKRP) transfer ribitol phosphate (RboP). Previously, we reported that FKTN FKRP can also glycerol (GroP) from CDP-glycerol (CDP-Gro) showed inhibitory effe...

Encapsulation of glycosylated porphyrins in silica nanoparticles enhanced the efficacy cancer photodynamic therapy compared with free porphyrins.

The transmembrane signaling protein Notch, which is crucial for embryonic cell fate decisions, has 36 extracellular EGF domains that are glycosylated in variable and complex ways. A new study shows that O-fucose and O-glucose stabilize the repeats but that extension of glucose by xylose weakens stability, explained by the binding of the glycan to a protein groove. This work shows how different ...