This study seeks to identify grammatical errors in argumentative essays written by prospective teachers of English as a foreign language the fifth semester college, determine whether students are aware their mistakes, and discover experiences with grammar instruction error correction. We conducted an Error Analysis contrasted results grammaticality judgment test (GJT) assess students’ awareness...

Implicit moral evaluations-i.e., immediate, unintentional assessments of the wrongness of actions or persons-play a central role in supporting moral behavior in everyday life. Yet little research has employed methods that rigorously measure individual differences in implicit moral evaluations. In five experiments, we develop a new sequential priming measure-the Moral Categorization Task-and a m...

During perceptual learning the visual representations in the brain are altered, but these changes' causal role has not yet been fully characterized. We used transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) to investigate the role of higher visual regions in lateral occipital cortex (LO) in perceptual learning with complex objects. We also investigated whether object learning is dependent on the r...

Stimulus displays consisting of a target and a distractor can produce task conflicts when target and distractor are associated with different tasks. The present study examined whether these stimulus-induced task conflicts are affected by priming the irrelevant task or by increasing the salience of the distractor. In a series of three experiments, we employed a task-shifting paradigm in which su...

Chinese verb separation is a grammatical construction in which bimorphemic compound separates and expands into phrase. For example, to say “sang one song”, must insert the aspect marker le classifier phrase yī shǒu between chàng gē ‘sing-song’ as (sing-LE-one-classifier-song). Adult second language (L2) learners face at least three problems related acquiring separation: patterns are complex num...

The neurolinguistic approach (NLA) is an intensive sentence-based pedagogy designed specifically for low-proficiency learners. It places a premium on orality and the development of both internal external grammars through project-based literacy loop. present study employed pretest–posttest control group design to investigate effect NLA conveniently sampled pre-intermediate EFL learners’ implicit...

The debate on the existence of free will is on-going. Seminal findings by Libet et al. (1983) demonstrate that subjective awareness of a voluntary urge to act (the W-judgment) occurs before action execution. Libet's paradigm requires participants to perform voluntary actions while watching a clock hand rotate. On response trials, participants make a retrospective judgment related to awareness o...

Early life stress (ELS), an important risk factor for psychopathology in mental disorders, is associated neuronally with decreased functional connectivity within the default mode network (DMN) in the resting state. Moreover, it is linked with greater deactivation in DMN during a working memory task. Although DMN shows large amplitudes of very low-frequency oscillations (VLFO) and strong involve...

Purpose – This study examines the mediating effect of effort on the relationship between performance incentives and audit judgment performance under different levels of task complexity. Design/methodology/approach – Using an experimental research design, subjects are randomly assigned to three performance incentive groups: control, financial and feedback. Each subject is required to perform two...

We investigated task effects on violation ERP responses to Noun-Adjective gender mismatches and lexical/conceptual semantic mismatches in a combined auditory/visual paradigm in French. Participants listened to sentences while viewing pictures of objects. This paradigm was designed to investigate language processing in special populations (e.g., children) who may not be able to read or to provid...