Worldwide rise of obesity may be partly related to the relaxation of natural selection in the last few generations. Accumulation of mutations affecting metabolism towards excessive fat deposition is suggested to be a result of less purging selection. Using the WHO and UN data for 159 countries there is a significant correlation (r = 0.60, p<0.01) between an index of the relaxed opportunity for ...

The purpose of this study is to use clustering variables according to the Kaya identity, an equation involving energy consumption, economic growth and carbon dioxide emissions. By using aggregate data from the International Energy Agency for a dataset of developed and developing countries, we perform clustering according to variables such as population, gross domestic product (GDP), total prima...

OBJECTIVE To assess the relative validity and reproducibility of the semi-quantitative FFQ (SFFQ) applied in the evaluation of a community intervention study, SoL-Bornholm, for estimating food intakes. DESIGN The reference measure was a 4 d estimated food record. The SFFQ was completed two times separated by a 1-month period in order to test reproducibility. SETTING The Capital Region and t...

The metabolic energy cost of walking is determined, to a large degree, by body mass, but it is not clear how body composition and mass distribution influence this cost. We tested the hypothesis that walking would be most expensive for obese women compared with obese men and normal-weight women and men. Furthermore, we hypothesized that for all groups, preferred walking speed would correspond to...

We investigate the acceleration of electrons via their interaction with electrostatic waves, driven by the relativistic Buneman instability, in a system dominated by counter-propagating proton beams. We observe the growth of these waves and their subsequent saturation via electron trapping for a range of proton beam velocities, from 0.15c to 0.9c. We can report a reduced stability of the electr...

The time evolution of the ground state wave function of a zero-temperature Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) gas is well described by the Hamiltonian Gross-Pitaevskii (GP) equation. Using a set of appropriately interleaved unitary collision-stream operators, a qubit lattice gas algorithm is devised, which on taking moments, recovers the Gross-Pitaevskii (GP) equation under diffusion ordering (time...

A great number of factors determining the development photovoltaics are associated with assessment possible volumes solar energy use in correlation technical and economic characteristics photovoltaic equipment. An appropriate potential that applies universally to any subsequent option still remains a crucial task. This work is devoted analysis gross, potentials for photovoltaics. The smart incl...

Because animal studies are labor intensive, predictive equations are used extensively for calculating metabolizable energy (ME) concentrations of dog and cat pet foods. The objective of this retrospective review of digestibility studies, which were conducted over a 7-year period and based upon Association of American Feed Control Officials (AAFCO) feeding protocols, was to compare the accuracy ...