The article gives an overview of the historical development of stapedectomy beginning with Kessel in 1876. Then, from the beginning to the middle of the 20th century, surgery on the oval window became obsolete, opening the way for an era of fenestration operations until Shea in 1956 performed the first modern stapedectomy using a Teflon stapes replacement prosthesis. Since then, numerous surgeo...

Prof. G. A. Brown Dr. J. B. Heywood M. A. Lutz Prof. R. S. Cooper J. L. Coggins C. A. McNary Prof. W. H. Heiser R. Dethlefsen R. P. Porter Prof. M. A. Hoffman K. R. Edwards S. Sacks Prof. W. D. Jackson J. W. Gadzuk C. V. Smith, Jr. Prof. J. L. Kerrebrock T. K. Gustafson A. Solbes Prof. J. E. McCune R. F. Keating R.J. Thome Prof. G. C. Oates R. W. King B. D. Wessler Prof. E. S. Pierson G. B. Kli...

Abstract We construct a class of non-reversible Metropolis kernels as multivariate extension the guided-walk kernel proposed by Gustafson ( Statist. Comput. 8 , 1998). The main idea our method is to introduce projection that maps state space totally ordered group. By using Haar measure, we novel Markov termed mixture kernel, which interest in its own right. This achieved inducing topological st...

In Bayesian analysis, the posterior follows from the data and a choice of a prior and a likelihood. One hopes that the posterior is robust to reasonable variation in the choice of prior, since this choice is made by the modeler and is often somewhat subjective. A different, equally subjectively plausible choice of prior may result in a substantially different posterior, and so different conclus...

To most of us, conduct wayfinding behavior within a virtual environment using a smart mobile device has become a common task in our daily life. Various visual designs together with different interaction modes are available in these smart devices. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of wedge visual design on user interaction mode within a 3D virtual environment. This study ad...