We aimed to determine the impact of precursor pool dilution on the assessment of postprandial myofibrillar protein synthesis rates (MPS). A Holstein dairy cow was infused with large amounts of L-[1-(13)C]phenylalanine and L-[1-(13)C]leucine, and the milk was collected and fractionated. The enrichment levels in the casein were 38.7 and 9.3 mole percent excess, respectively. In a subsequent human...

Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) virus of the H5N1 subtype has caused devastating damage to poultry flocks and sporadic human H5N1 infections. There is concern that this virus subtype may gain transmissibility and become pandemic. Rapid diagnosis and surveillance for H5N1 subtype viruses are critical for the control of H5N1 infection. In this study, we report a robust antigen-capture en...

We replaced the coding region of the murine 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)1B receptor by the human 5-HT1B receptor using homologous recombination in embryonic stem cells and generated and characterized homozygous transgenic mice that express only the human (h) 5-HT1B receptor. The distribution patterns of h5-HT1B and murine (m) 5-HT1B receptor mRNA and binding sites in brain sections of transgenic ...

conclusions: the recombinant baculovirus constructed in this work has proper characteristics to produce h5n1 influenza virus-like particles in sf9 cells. results: restriction map of pfastbacihnm1 plasmid confirmed the fidelity of the clone. the pcr carried out on the recombinant bacmids as template indicated that a proper homologous recombination has occurred between pfastbacihnm1 donor plasmid...

Protein imaging, allowing a wide variety of biological studies both in vitro and in vivo, is of great importance in modern biology. Protein and peptide tags fused to proteins of interest provide the opportunity to elucidate protein location and functions, detect protein-protein interactions, and measure protein activity and kinetics in living cells. Whereas several tags are suitable for protein...

The serotonin 5-HT4 receptor (where 5-HT stands for 5-hydroxy-tryptamine) is a member of the seven transmembrane-spanning G-protein-coupled family of receptors and mediates many cellular functions both in the central nervous system and at the periphery. In the present study, we isolated and characterized the 5'-flanking region of the h5-HT4 (human 5-HT4) receptor. We demonstrate the existence o...

BACKGROUND Serological studies for influenza infection and vaccine response often involve microneutralization and hemagglutination inhibition assays to evaluate neutralizing antibodies against human and avian influenza viruses, including H5N1. We have previously characterized lentiviral particles pseudotyped with H5-HA (H5pp) and validated an H5pp-based assay as a safe alternative for high-thro...

The emergence of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 viruses has heightened global concern about the threat posed by pandemic influenza. To address the need for a highly effective universal influenza vaccine, we developed a novel M2-deficient single replication (M2SR) influenza vaccine virus and previously reported that it provided strong heterosubtypic protection against seasonal influenza ...