We consider the problem of retrieving a reliable estimate of an attribute monitored by a wireless sensor network, where the sensors harvest energy from the environment independently, at random. Each sensor stores the harvested energy in batteries of limited capacity. Moreover, provided they have sufficient energy, the sensors broadcast their measurements in a decentralized fashion. Clients arri...

As Cyber-Physical Systems (CPSs) evolve they will be increasingly relied on to support time-critical monitoring and control activities. Further, many CPSs that utilize Wireless Sensor Networking (WSN) technologies require energy harvesting methods to extend their lifetimes. For this important system class, there are currently no effective approaches that balance system lifetime with system perf...

This paper considers simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) for a multiple-input multipleoutput (MIMO) relay system. The relay is powered by harvesting energy from the source via time switching (TS) and utilizes the harvested energy to forward the information signal. Our aim is to maximize the rate of the system subject to the power constraints at both the source and relay...

Infiltration phenomenon, has a direct impact on rainwater harvesting in fields under irrigation. In order to solve this problem (reduced infiltration and increased runoff), a few strategies can be suggested. Taking long-term decision for increasing the efficiency of irrigation should be strongly suggested. At the same time, ways in which customized irrigation is optimized must be studied. An ol...

Sixteen stands were harvested by either clearcut, shelterwood, group selection, or singletree selection methods. Three of the stands had uneven-aged structure. The other 13 were typical, matrJre, even-aged stands. Hmest intensity @roportion of basal area removed) ranged from 0.27 to 1 .@I. Hanrestcd sites were similar in slope, average diameter at breast height (DBH), and pre-harvest diamcte.r ...

The objective of this study was to describe the different surgical approaches involved in harvesting and heterotopic autotransplantation of intact ovaries with microvascular anastomosis. Twenty-one synchronized Merino sheep underwent harvesting of their intact ovaries with vascular pedicles. Autotransplantation was performed with fresh (n = 6) and cryopreserved-thawed (C-T; n = 15) ovaries. The...

Harvesting of wildlife populations by humans is usually targeted by sex, age or phenotypic criteria, and is therefore selective. Selective harvesting has the potential to elicit a genetic response from the target populations in several ways. First, selective harvesting may affect population demographic structure (age structure, sex ratio), which in turn may have consequences for effective popul...

Real time systems are widely used systems in now days. Most of these systems work in fault prone environment. The job running in these systems should be finished on its deadline as timing constraints which requires some energy to finishing it. If there is any fault occurring in the system then it may not be possible that the job running will finish on its deadline and will give the desired resu...

The main purpose of this study is measuring and comparing of peanut harvesting loss in manual and mechanical methods in addition to economic analysis of them. Hence, a field was selected in Astaneh-Ashrafiyeh and divided to three different plots. Two plots were applied to measure mechanical harvesting loss and third one was applied for manual harvesting loss. According to test results, the lowe...

In cognitive radio (CR), the spectrum sensing of the primary user (PU) may consume some electrical power from the battery capacity of the secondary user (SU), resulting in a decrease in the transmission power of the SU. In this paper, a multislot simultaneous spectrum sensing and energy harvesting model is proposed, which uses the harvested radio frequency (RF) energy of the PU signal to supply...