objective: plasmodium falciparum chloroquine resistance is a major problem in malaria endemic areas. single nucleotide polymorphisms in pfcrt and pfmdr1 genes are known to be associated with chloroquine resistance in some parts of the world. the major goal of the present study was to detect the five single nucleotide polymorphisms in pfmdr1 gene and one single nucleotide polymorphisms in pfcrt ...

Background: This study evaluated the quality of drinking water in rural areas of the city of Babol in terms of chemical parameters (iron, manganese, nitrite, and nitrate) and compared it with the Iranian and the World Health Organization (WHO) standards to determine the trend. Methods: This cross-sectional study monitored chemical test results for the years 2011-2014 of samples collected from ...