A unique characteristic of the hepatitis B virus is the production of a secreted form (precore or HBeAg) of the structural nucleocapsid (core or HBcAg). By using T cell receptor (TCR) transgenic (Tg) and TCR x HBc/HBeAg double- and triple-Tg pairs, we demonstrate that HBeAg elicits T cell tolerance, whereas HBcAg is nontolerogenic in this system. In fact, TCR x HBc double-Tg mice spontaneously ...

conclusions although the frequency of hbsag seropositivity in the present study was close to that observed in the overall iranian population, the seroprevalence of anti-hbc was higher, possibly due to the exposure of the elderly to more risk factors. the risk factors were similar. these included a history of blood transfusions, cupping, hospital admission, endoscopy, or familial hbv/hcv infecti...

Abstract The worldwide distribution of the HBV infection has usually been estimated by prevalence hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) among general population. Total antibodies for core (anti-HBc) are most important diagnostic marker proving prior exposure to HBV. Aim aim this study was determine Hepatitis virus (HBV) Bulgarian Reliable epidemiologic data is needed estimate in order actual burd...

Four-hundred and seventeen patients undergoing open-heart surgery were followed for more than 9 months after transfusion. All 2270 blood units transfused had alanine aminotransferase levels less than or equal to 30 U/l. Blood units positive for antibodies to hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc) were more frequently associated with recipient hepatitis non-A, non-B (HNANB) (13.7%) than anti-HBc-ne...

BACKGROUND We assessed the impact of home-based care (HBC) for HIV+ patients, comparing outcomes between two groups of Zambians receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) who lived in villages with and without HBC teams. METHODS We conducted a retrospective cohort study using medical charts from Macha Mission Hospital, a hospital providing HIV care in Zambia's rural Southern Province. Date of bir...

Non invasive immunologic markers of virus-induced liver disease are unmet needs. We tested the clinical significance of quantitative total and IgM-anti-HBc in well characterized chronic-HBsAg-carriers. Sera (212) were obtained from 111 HBsAg-carriers followed-up for 52 months (28-216) during different phases of chronic-HBV-genotype-D-infection: 10 HBeAg-positive, 25 inactive-carriers (HBV-DNA≤2...

Routine use of the automated chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay Abbott ARCHITECT anti-HBc for diagnosis of hepatitis B is limited in case of borderline reactive sera with low signal close to the cut-off index. In order to determine the significance of anti-HBc detection when borderline reactivity occurs using the ARCHITECT anti-HBc assay, a comparative study was designed. 3540 serum sam...

Abstract Petung bamboo (Dendrocalamus asper) stem-based hematite-biochar composite (HBC) has been synthesized using microwave-assisted pyrolysis (MAP) to replace conventional pyrolysis. The sawdust contains 19.8-26.6% lignin and cellulose as much 4.24-5.36% so that it can be used precursors in biochar preparation. In general, bamboo-based a low adsorption capacity. this study, was modified by h...

Activated immune cells release cytokines which modulate the activity of bone cells in vitro. Expression of major histocompatibility complex (HLA in humans) class II determinants on bone surface cells may be important in local immune cell activation. In this study, expression of HLA-DR and DQ by cultured human bone cells (HBC) derived from normal trabecular bone surfaces was assessed by fluoresc...