Hydroxyapatite (HA) whiskers have been synthesized using a number of chemical solution methods, including the chelate decomposition method. Numerous previous studies have investigated the effects of the reagents, reagent concentrations, solution pH, and reaction temperature on HA whisker morphology and composition. However, purely kinetic effects, such as the reaction heating and stirring rates...

This paper introduces a new method to control resonance frequency and output power of induction heating coil. Induction heating coil can be controlled by single phase sinusoidal pulse width modulation (SPWM) inverter .All electrical requirements beside magnetic permeability and resistivity variation for modeling induction heating coil have been considered to make simulations practical .Control ...

Extension of shelf life and preservation of products are both very important for the food industry. However, just as with other processes, speed and higher manufacturing performance are also beneficial. Although microwave heating is utilized in a number of industrial processes, there are many unanswered questions about its effects on foods. Here we analyze whether the effects of microwave heati...

A large fraction of energy consumed in households is due to space heating. Especially during daytime, the heating is often running constantly, controlled only by a thermostat – even if the inhabitants are not present. Taking advantage of the absence of the inhabitants to save heating energy by lowering the temperature thus poses a great opportunity. Since the concrete savings of an occupancy-ba...

Metallic nanoparticle inks are used for printed electronics, but to reach acceptable conductivity the structures need to be sintered, usually using a furnace. Recently, sintering by direct resistive heating has been demonstrated. For a microscopic understanding of this Joule heating sintering method, we studied the entire process in real time inside a transmission electron microscope equipped w...

Transformer overheating faults have an important impact on the transformer safe and stable operation. Taking 10 kV oil-immersed as research object, using indirect coupling analysis method of electromagnetic thermal fluid multi-physical field, heating characteristics under faults, such winding inter-turn short circuit core multi-point grounding, are analysed, abnormal state identification is pro...

Introduction: Conductive implants are in most cases a strict contraindication for MRI examinations. Applied RF pulse power during the MRI measurement can lead to severe heating of the surrounding tissue. The use of fiberoptic probes is the standard procedure for monitoring these heating effects. However, the observed temperature increase is highly dependent on the positioning of such a probe as...