Dengue fever is the most important arboviral infection in the world, with an estimated 100 million cases per year and 2.5 billion people at risk. Encephalopathy is a rare complication of dengue virus infection and may occur as a consequence of intracranial hemorrhage, cerebral edema, hyponatremia, cerebral anoxia, fulminant hepatic failure with portosystemic encephalopathy, microcapillary hemor...

Early recognition and diagnosis of Wernicke encephalopathy is pivotal for the prognosis of this medical emergency, especially in patients with liver failure which predisposes individuals to develop hepatic encephalopathy. For these patients, distinguishing between hepatic encephalopathy and Wernicke encephalopathy is a challenge in real-world clinical practice.A male patient with 21-year medica...

The aim of this study was to investigate the possible role of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-receptor overactivity in two different experimental rat models of encephalopathy: subacute encephalopathy caused by severe hyperammonemia in portacaval-shunted rats (AI-PCS rats) and acute hepatic encephalopathy caused by complete liver ischemia (LIS rats). The effect of the noncompetitive NMDA-receptor an...

Abstract Background Hepatic encephalopathy exacerbates the morbidity, delays hospital discharge, and increases rate of readmissions cirrhotic patients, particularly those are admitted by acute variceal bleeding. We evaluated performance albumin-bilirubin score in prediction hepatic patients with bleeding, comparison to Child-Pugh MELD scores. This prospective cohort study was conducted on 250 w...

Background: Hepatic encephalopathy is a severe neuropsychiatric complication of decompensated cirrhosis associated with high short-term mortality. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the predictive value non-invasive scoring systems and develop prognostic nomogram identify risk 3-month mortality in patients hepatic encephalopathy. Methods: Retrospective data from 251 were collected. Clinic...

A considerable proportion of patients with cirrhosis exhibit insomnia, delayed sleep habits, and excessive daytime sleepiness. These have been variously attributed to hepatic encephalopathy and impaired hepatic melatonin metabolism, but the understanding of their pathophysiology remains limited and their treatment problematic. Sleep is regulated by the interaction of a homeostatic and a circadi...

Hepatic encephalopathy is a common metabolic condition in children, having a significantly different aetiopathogenesis from that in adults. The present paper reviews the medical interventions of proven efficacy and also discusses recent advances from various fields as applicable to management of children with this disorder, focusing on measures other than liver transplant. The most important co...