OBJECTIVES To determine the prevalence of antibodies to hepatitis B core antigen, hepatitis C virus, and HIV in entrants to Irish prisons and to examine risk factors for infection. DESIGN Cross sectional, anonymous survey, with self completed risk factor questionnaire and oral fluid specimen for antibody testing. SETTING Five of seven committal prisons in the Republic of Ireland. PARTICIP...

one of the most serious kinds of hepatitis is hepatitis b. this condition is more common than aids, and is 100 time more contagious. in iran the most common cause of acute and chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, and also hepatocellar carcinoma in adults, is hepatitis b. more than two billion people are infected and more than 350 million of individuals are carriers of this virus in the entire wo...

The sensitivity of passive bacterial agglutination (PBA), i.e., the agglutination of Staphylococcus aureus coated with antibodies to hepatitis B surface antigen by hepatitis B surface antigen, was assessed by testing reference panel no. 3A sera (Bureau of Biologics, U.S. Food and Drug Administration). Of the 23 samples containing hepatitis B surface antigen, 18 were positive by PBA. Sera from 1...

OBJECTIVE To review management of incidents involving exposure to blood reported to an occupational health unit. DESIGN Analysis of all reported incidents from January 1989 to June 1991. SETTING London teaching hospital. SUBJECTS 447 health care workers and students. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Immunisation against hepatitis B virus before exposure, proportion of known source patients tested ...

The disappearance of the e antigen and the appearance of anti-e antigen antibodies are two biomarkers that indicate favorable prognosis in Hepatitis B. In this study the Advanced Quality immunochromatographic test for detecting those biomarkers was compared to the Vidas semi-quantitative ELISA test. Our hypothesis was that it is possible to use these biomarkers measured in a rapid and simple Ad...

Background. Viral hepatitis is still one of the important health problems all over world today. Hepatitis B a life-threatening liver infection that can cause chronic infections. It increases risk death from cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. One most factors in or acute age infection. The earlier virus encountered, greater chronicity disease. Prevention perinatal transmission disease great...

conclusions the results showed a declining trend in anti-hbsab titers over the time after vaccination against hepatitis b virus in our region. further studies are warranted to establish the need for a booster dose in cases that are at risk of hepatitis b virus infection. results hepatitis b seroprotection rates (anti hbsab ≥ 10 iu/l) among vaccinated children and adolescents aged 1 and 18 years...

OBJECTIVE The risk of transmitting hepatitis B virus from donors who are positive for hepatitis B core antibody but negative for hepatitis B surface antigen has been a major concern in liver transplantation. In the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia the overall prevalence of hepatitis B core antibody among the general population was reported to be very high indeed. The purpose of this study is to establis...

The infectious hepatitis B virus represents 42 nm spherical double-shelled particles. However, analysis of blood from hepatitis B virus carriers revealed the presence of smaller 22 nm particles consisting of a viral envelope surface protein. These particles are highly immunogenic and have been used in the design of hepatitis B virus vaccine produced in yeast. Upon expression in yeast, these pro...